國中雙語健康教育課跨語言實踐之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討將跨語言實踐融入雙語教學的實踐歷程以及學生在課程中的 學習表現。研究目的包括：探討在雙語課堂中如何運用跨語言實踐策略，幫助學生學習學科學習目標和雙語學習目標；並探討學生在學習歷程中的學科和語言的學習成效；以及透過雙語教學的歷程所得到的經驗，反思在臺灣實施跨語言實踐的條件和挑戰。本研究採行動研究，對北部某所國中兩班七年級學生施行二個單元共11堂的雙語健康課，除了對教學實踐進行探討以及了解學生在雙語課堂中的學習經驗外，也反思在雙語課堂中實施跨語言實踐可以精進之處。本研究之發現如下：一、就跨語言實踐策略的使用而言，多元語境線索融入基本人際溝通語言（BICS），有助於引起學習動機，促進師生互動；而依據學習內容和學生狀況調整認知學術語言（CALP），有助於學生對學科內容進行思考與學習。二、在學科學習成效方面，藉由多媒材和科技工具的融入能提高學生學習動機，並且透過即時問答和認知話語架構（CDFs）能檢驗學生對學科的理解程度和迷思之處。三、在語言學習成效方面，學生能夠理解基本人際溝通語言並能有所回應，不過對不同認知類別的學科語言表現則有所不同。過程中句型結構的提供能促進學生語言的產出，且使用語言的方式會受到受教學者的影響而產生模仿行為。四、針對跨語言實踐理論的回應，須先讓學生參與學科的學習，再運用跨語言實踐連結學科和語言；此外，也要先讓學生對於輸入的訊息產生理解，才有輸出的可能，並且在課堂中教師須從主導者慢慢轉成促進者的角色。最後，對於學科教師而言，學科詞彙和英文課詞彙的難度落差需有待運用跨語言實踐來克服。The aim of this study is to explore the implementation of translanguaging approach in bilingual teaching and students' learning performance in the biligunal course. The research purposes of this study included : to delve into how teacher implements translanguaging in the bilingual course to help students achieve both academic and bilingual learning goals；to examine students' academic and linguistic learning outcomes in the learning process；and to reflect on the conditions and challenges of implementing translanguaging in Taiwan based on the bilingual teaching experience .Applying an action research approach, this study researcher investigated into two seventh-grade classes from a junior high school in Northern Taiwan, in each class eleven health education lessons (two units) in each class were conducted. In addition to exploring teaching practices and understanding students' learning experiences from the bilingual course, this study also critically reflected on improvements that can be made in implementing translanguaging in bilingual teaching.

Research findings of this study are as follow : (1) In the use of translanguaging strategies, the multilingual context clues embedded with Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) could increase students' learning motivation and teacher-student interactions, and the adjustment of Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) based on the learning content and the students' learning performance would help students' thinking and learning about subject. (2) In terms of subject learning outcome, the integration of multimedia and technology tools helped enhancing motivation, and instant quizzes and CDFs could assess students' understanding and myths about subject. (3) In terms of linguistic learning outcomes, students could understand Basic Interpersonal Communication Language (BICS) and gave responses.However, academic language with different cognitive categories would lead to varied language performances. The provision of sentence structure could facilitate students’ language production, and the way they use language was influenced by the instructor, resulting in imitative behavior. (4) In response to the theory of translanguaging, teacher must engage students in subject learning first, and then use translanguaging to link subjects and languages. Besides, teacher should enable students to understand the input messages before they can have output it and use it, In addition, teacher must gradually shift from the role of leader to facilitator. Finally, for subject teachers, the difficulty gap between subject vocabulary and English vocabulary needs to be overcome through the proper implementation of translanguaging.