評估台灣嬰兒六個月前母乳攝取量及營養狀態之研究

Abstract

由於本土少有母乳攝取量之研究資料，以致國內估計嬰兒由母乳中所得到營養素之相關研究稀少。本研究分為兩部分，第一部分為探討國內6個月嬰兒母乳攝取量之秤重研究，並參考國外母乳量化之文獻，估計不同月齡嬰兒每日母乳攝取量；第二部份則利用母乳量化研究結果，運算97名完全哺餵母乳的嬰兒由母乳及副食品獲得的營養素，並與DRIs做比較。母乳量化研究是利用秤重試驗法(test-weighing)，分析15位嬰兒出生到6個月母乳攝取量紀錄，使用線性迴歸(linear regression)估算嬰兒1-6個月每日母乳攝取量分別為530g、550g、620g、670g、720g及760g。研究第二部份是將母乳量化結果用來評估97位完全哺餵母乳嬰兒之營養素攝取，運算結果顯示嬰兒6個月時平均熱量的攝取為523 kcal，蛋白質、脂質及醣類的攝取分別為13g、22g及69g，6個月內嬰兒熱量反醣類攝取百分比隨著月齡增加而增加，脂質攝取百分比則反之。研究結果主要發現：國人每日母乳哺餵頻率介於7.6-9.6次，嬰兒每次母乳攝取量介於52-112g；而母乳哺餵嬰兒的營養素攝取量似乎低於DRIs建議值，建議未來應加強探討其影響因素。

Information on the nutrient intake of breast-fed infants is limited by a lack of quantitative data in Taiwan. This study had 2 purposes: to assess the breast milk intake by test-weighing infants from birth to 6 months of age and referring to published papers to calculate the daily breast milk consumption by age; the other was to estimate the nutrient intake from breast milk and supplemental food from 97 exclusively breastfed infants, and compare those values to dietary reference intake (DRI) values in Taiwan. In the test-weighing study, we recruited 15 breastfed infants (from birth to 6 months of age), then estimated the daily breast milk intake. We estimated intakes of 530, 580, 620, 670, 720, and 760 g of breast milk per day by linear regression for the first 6 months of life, respectively[?]. In the nutrient intake study, we used estimation data to calculate the nutrient intake of 97 infants. The infants had an average energy intake of 523 kcal, an average protein intake of 13 g, an average fat intake of 22 g, and an average carbohydrate intake of 69 g in the 6th month. The total energy and percentage of carbohydrates of the total energy intake increased with age, while the fat intake was reduced with age. The main findings are: (1) the average number of feedings per day was 7.69.6 times, and the breast milk intake per feeding was 52~112 g; and (2) the nutrient intake of exclusively breast-fed infants was generally lower than the DAIs in Taiwan.