《歡迎來到布達佩斯大飯店》電影美術設計－空間、時代與情感

Abstract

在2014年，柏林影展64屆的開幕片選用了《歡迎來到布達佩斯大飯店》（The Grand Budapest Hotel），因為極致置中對稱的透視構圖技巧，以及大膽的配色，創造出夢幻童話般的畫面，成功的在第一時間吸引了觀眾的注目。然而，製作一部好的電影，美術設計更是功不可沒。本研究選擇《歡迎來到布達佩斯大飯店》作為研究對象。本研究欲分別從《歡迎來到布達佩斯大飯店》電影文本的探討場景設計，還有藝術、道具等造型元素，以及分析在不同時代所打造出來的空間與情感。除了空間場景設計，還有決定了整部電影的色調的色彩計畫。 本研究為文本分析，研究面向將從電影美術設計分出空間、時空與色彩三大部分。第一部分以敘事結構分析理論，本研究透過羅蘭巴特敘事結構分析，將敘事文分成三個層次，分別為「事目層」、「動向層」、「敘述層」文本結構進行分析，從電影敘事結構與設計的敘事性來探討場景造型元素在策略層、意義層與技術層的策略與作用。第二部分探討片中虛構世界空間，像是建築，場景設計與平面設計等元素，在不同時代的營造與情感。最後，第三部分將為分析電影場景與人物所使用的色彩，以及全片敘事的色彩計畫，探討其色彩意象。研究發現本片使用高強度單一色彩配置，表現著不同場景、時空、情感等關於「空間」的概念。透過空間場景敘事性設計分析模式操作，可探討電影在不同時代與道具等媒材元素的運用意義。所有電影美術設計的元素構成，配合著電影敘事架構，都是使觀眾接收與理解人物與故事的獨特敘事策略。In 2014, The Grand Budapest Hotel was chosen as the opening film for the 64th annual Berlin International Film Festival. Since its extremely centered and symmetrical skills of perspective composition as well as dauntless color matching has created the picture of fairytale fantasy which drew the attention of the audience at the first moment. However, an outstanding movie cannot be done without the effort of production design. The specific objective of this study was to investigate the movie, The Grand Budapest Hotel. This study attempted to discuss the set design, the styling elements and the chromatic scheme from the movie text to analyze the spaces and emotions created in different eras. This research is a textual analysis. In this study, the orientations were separated to three parts from the production designs: the space, time-space and color. In the first part, this study divided the narrative text into three levels through the analysis of Roland Barthes' structural analysis of narratives: function, action, and narration. And through the film’s narrative structures and the narrative design to explore the strategies and functions in the strategy, meaning and technology layers. The second part discussed the emotions built by the fictional world in the film, such as architectures, set design and graphic design in different eras. And the last part was to analyze the color image of the film scenes and the characters, as well as the chromatic scheme of the whole storytelling. This study found the film uses a high-intensity single color configuration to express the concept of space and emotion in different scenes. Through the spatiality narrative design analysis mode, can explore the significance of the use of media elements and props in different eras. Combined with the film narrative structure, the elements formation of the film production design can be the unique narrative strategy, to make the audience receive and understand the characters and the story.