身體活動課程介入對社區民眾身體活動量與運動自我效能的影響

Abstract

摘要 目的:本研究目的在探討藉由5週身體活動課程介入，對社區民眾身體活動量、功能性體適能與運動自我效能的影響。方法：徵求32名平均年齡59.6±8.4歲的中老年人為實驗參與者，並隨機分派至先介入課程組與後介入課程組，研究期程共十三週，課程介入共計五週，每週實施1次，每次90分鐘，前45分鐘為體適能專題演講和討論，後45分鐘則為體適能活動指導。所有參與者於實驗第一週、第七週、第十三週進行身體組成、功能性體適能 (連續坐椅站立、肱二頭肌屈舉、坐椅體前彎、手臂背後互拉、2.44 公尺繞物、2 分鐘原地踏步)、身體活動量與運動自我效能測量，實驗期間並要求配戴計步器以記錄身體活動情形。所得資料以混合設計二因子變異數分析(p< .05)進行統計。結果發現：在5週身體活動課程結束後，參與者的身體組成、功能性體適能與平均步數上沒有顯著改善。而身體活動量 (先介入組前測：2310.86 ± 2419.91 METs；中測：4797.14 ± 3344.29 METs；後介入組中測：1297.46 ± 700.03 METs；後測：4749.46 ± 3840.57 METs)、運動自我效能得分 (先介入組前測：30.21 ± 13.72分；中測：34.50 ± 9.47分；後介入組中測：31.69 ± 9.23分；後測：38.69 ± 11.10分) 以及中行走強度持續時間 (先介入組前測：10.04 ± 5.03分鐘/週；中測：16.98 ± 10.62分鐘/週；後介入組中測：8.59 ± 4.59分鐘/週；後測：13.90 ± 9.25分鐘/週) 達顯著進步 (p < .05)。結果：五週身體活動課程介入可以提升參與者的身體活動量、運動自我效能得分以及中行走強度持續時間。

Abstract Objectives:The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of 5-week physical activity (PA) programs intervention on functional physical fittness (PF), PA and exercise self-efficacy (SE) of community residents. Method:Thirty-two healthy middle aged and elderly (average age is 59.6±8.4 yrs old) were recruited as participants and randomly assigned to first intervention group (1IG, 16 subjects) and the latter intervention group (LIG；16 subjects). The subject of 1IG had received 5-week PA programs intervention after the pretest, and the subject of LIG had received the same 5-week programs intervention after middle test. The intervention programs were consist of speech and fittness programs, 1 time per week, 90 minutes each session. All participants received the test as body composition, functional PF (chair stand, arm curl, chair sit and reach, back scratch, 8-foot up-and-go, 2-min stepping), IPAQ, the questionnaire of SE and equip the pedometer. The collected data were analyzed with two-way mixed ANOVA. Results : 5-week of PA programs cannot improve the participants’ body composition, functional PF and time of walking with vigorous intensity, but can improve participants’ PA (1IG: pre: 2310.86 ± 2419.91 METs; middle: 4797.14 ± 3344.29 METs; LIG: middle: 1297.46 ± 700.03; post: 4749.46 ± 3840.57), exercise SE (1IG: pre: 30.21 ± 13.72 points; middle: 34.50 ± 9.47 points; LIG: middle: 31.69 ± 9.23 points; post: 38.69 ± 11.10 points), time of walking with moderate intensity (1IG: pre: 10.04 ± 5.03; middle: 16.98 ± 10.62; LIG: middle: 8.59 ± 4.59; post: 13.90 ± 9.25) were significantly improved (p< .05).Conclusion:5-week physical activity programs can improve the physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, and time of walking with moderate intensity.