以潛水業者角度探討休閒水肺潛水活動歷程中的風險管理之研究

Abstract

在台灣參與休閒水肺潛水的風氣日益興盛，潛水業者的風險管理便顯得相對重要。本研究目的以潛水業者為研究對象，探討其從事休閒水肺潛水之活動歷程與風險管理間的關係。研究方法透過質性研究中的半結構式深入訪談，取得5名潛水業者對於休閒水肺潛水活動歷程中的作業現況與風險管理之經驗後並進行分析。研究結果發現：一、潛水業者從事休閒水肺潛水的活動歷程分為潛季期間的前置期報名、集合期準備、活動期潛水、結束期維護等階段，以及非潛季期間的淡季期籌備階段；二、潛水業者從事休閒水肺潛水活動歷程中面臨變數最大的是人為風險；三、潛水業者在前置期報名階段，對於環境風險的策略運用較為積極，在集合期準備階段對於人為風險的策略運用則較為謹慎；四、潛水業者的風險管理檢討方式涵蓋定期與不定期檢討兩大部分，尤其將員工前線作業狀況，視為風險管理檢討之重要依據。本研究指出休閒水肺潛水活動歷程與風險管理的分析，建構一套連續性的系統化管理作業，以利潛水業者更全面的安全經營管理。建議後續研究可著重於內部作業或非潛季期間作業，藉以瞭解潛水業者風險管理之歷程全貌。Scuba diving has been popular in Taiwan, so risk management became more important for operators. The purpose of this study was to discussed the operators’ risk management among diving activity processes. Semi-structured interview was conducted to collect data from five operators. The results of this study as following: (1) Scuba diving activity processes were the registration stage, preparation stage, diving stage, and maintenance stage in the peak season, and the planning stage in the off-peak season. (2) Human factor risks were the biggest causes in diving activity processes for operators. (3) Risk management strategies were proactive in managing environmental factor risks during registration stage, and were careful in managing human factor risks during preparation stage. (4) Operators’ risk management evaluations were regular and irregular assessments, especially the working problems among employees were the most important approach of evaluations. The results provided a systemic methods of risk management for operators. For future studies, risk management should be focus on internal working or in the off- peak season.