國民中學代理教師不確定感心路歷程：三名教師的個案研究

Abstract

自1994年立法院修法後，中小學師資培育的制度產生了莫大的改變，從以往的「一元、閉鎖、管制、公費」的制度轉向了「多元、開放、自由、自費」，各所大專院校紛紛成立師資培育中心，培育中小學師資人才。然而，因少子化的衝擊及年金制度修改，待退教師紛紛卻步。各縣市教師甄選員額緊縮，師培生完成師資培育課程後，準備進入教育現場，但部分縣市紛紛停招或部分科目不招聘教師，學校若有教師缺額大多以「代理代課教師、兼課教師或共聘教師」進用。本研究探討受訪教師在不同個人背景下，因代理教師的身分感受到的工作壓力差異；不同的任教學科中，面臨員額縮減的原因及受訪教師從踏入教育現場到現在的代理心路歷程。本研究採個案研究，選擇以研究者在教師工作場域中三名代理教師為研究對象，以訪談及文件資料等資料蒐集方法，依受訪教師所口述的內容及觀點，進行記錄與提問，以及將訪談資料轉為文字檔案，採質性研究為資料分析方式，針對訪談過程中所產生的問題再度進行思考，並蒐集相關資料以進行整理、歸納與分析，藉以瞭解代理教師心路歷程的樣貌。研究者根據研究問題提出代理教師身分造成不確定感、代理教師工作困境感明顯、邁向正式教師之路難行及培養第二專長以做準備為結論，並從中歸納其是否具有相關性，以提供教育單位、學校、代理教師及未來研究參考。Since 1994, when the court amended the law, the system of teacher training in primary and secondary schools has undergone tremendous changes. It has shifted from the previous system of "unit, closed, controlled, and publicly funded" to "diversified, open, free, and self-financed". All universities and colleges have Establish a teacher training center to cultivate teachers in primary and secondary schools. However, due to the impact of the declining birthrate and the revision of the pension system, teachers who are waiting to retire have been deterred. The selection of teachers in various counties and cities is shrinking. Teacher training students prepare to enter the education scene after completing teacher training courses. However, some counties and cities have stopped recruiting or not recruiting teachers in some subjects. If there are teacher vacancies in schools, most of them will be "agent substitute teachers, part-time teachers" Or hire teachers together. This study explores the differences in the work pressure experienced by the interviewed teachers due to their status as acting teachers under different personal backgrounds; the reasons for the reduction of posts in different teaching subjects and the interviewed teachers’ acting mentality from entering the education scene to the present. This research adopts a case study, choosing the researcher's three surrogate teachers in the teacher's workplace as the research objects, using interviews and document collection methods, and recording and asking questions based on the oral content and opinions of the interviewed teachers. And turn the interview data into text files, adopt qualitative research as a data analysis method, rethink the problems arising in the interview process, and collect relevant data for sorting, summarization and analysis, so as to understand the mental process of the agent teacher appearance. According to the research questions, theresearchers pointed out that the identity of the acting teacher causes uncertainty, the sense of difficulty of the acting teacher’s work is obvious, the road to a formal teacher is difficult, and the preparation of the second expertise is the conclusion, and concluded from it whether it is relevant. Provide reference for education units, schools, acting teachers and future research.