以生活技能為基礎的青少年健康體位介入成效研究

Abstract

本研究主要是針對國中七年級學生，設計以生活技能為基礎的健康體位課程進行教學介入。探討生活技能融入健康體位的教學介入，對七年級學生在健康體位相關因素(飲食行為、點心零食攝取習慣、身體活動量、身體意象、身體質量指數)的介入成效。 本研究採準實驗設計，立意取樣以台北市某兩所國中七年級學生為研究對象，實驗組42人，校內控制組37人，校外控制組32人，合計共113名學生。實驗組實施10週生活技能融入健康體位教學介入，校內控制組與校外控制組則不予任何介入。 本研究發現實驗組接受教學介入後，健康體位相關因素後測得分均高於前測得分，且達統計上的顯著差異，表示教學介入有顯著成效。根據詹森-內曼分析結果，實驗組在飲食行為、身體意象的教學介入後成效皆為多數人優於校內控制組，身體質量指數則是未達半數優於校內控組；實驗組在飲食行為的教學介入後成效約半數優於校外控制組，在身體意象、身體質量指數的教學介入成效則是多數人優於校外控制組；在控制前測得分下，實驗組點心零食攝取習慣後測得分均高於另兩組控制組，且達統計顯著差異；根據包卡爾檢定，實驗組身體活動量在教學介入後活動量增加且達統計顯著差異，但另兩組控制組則未達統計顯著差異；實驗組教學介入後體控成功經驗者比例上升。 本研究發現，融入生活技能的課程設計與教學介入，能有效提升學生健康體位相關因素與體重控制成功經驗，在未來研究可延長介入時間，以觀察健康體位與相關生活技能之維持成效。

This study was dedicated to design an intervention program based on life skill to induce students in grade seven to become healthy weight. And the effect of the course for the students was discussed from the indicators of healthy weight including diertary behavior, the habits of taking dessert, physical activity, body image and Body Mass Index (BMI). The Quasi-experimental design was adopted in our experiment, which took the students in grade seven from two different schools as determined samples. The total number of sample was 113, which was composed of experimental group 42, on-campus control group 37 and off-campus control group 34. The students in the experimental group attended the course of healthy weight based on life skill lasting 10 weeks; There was no action to the other groups at the meantime. The experiment showed the experimental group took higher score counted from the indicators of healthy weight in average after the intervention program introduced. Moreover the notable difference of score in statistic could be told. That persuaded how explicitly effective of the intervention program. According to the analysis of , compared with the on-campus group after the program introduced, the dietary behavior and body image was improved for most of the experimental group and BMI was better for less than half of the experimental group; Compared with the off-campus group, the dietary behavior was improved for approximately half of the experimental group, and body image and BMI was better for most of the experimental group; Besides, the experimental group outperformed the other groups on the aspect of the habits of taking dessert. In summary, it might effectively raise successful experiences of weight control or becoming healthy weight to students by integrating life skill into courses or programs. In the future work, it would be suggested that to study the sustainability of the proposed intervention program by prolonging the interval of intervention program.