學位論文

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    The Relationship between the Human Resource Practices of the Civil Service and Turnover Intentions among the Middle Range Civil Servants in Malawi
    (2009) 歐拉; Esther Winsome Austen Ng’ong’ola
    The Government of Malawi is one of the biggest employers for the educated Malawians employing more than sixty percent of the total workforce. It is also the biggest employer for young people who just graduate from the university, as employees either without any experience at all or with very limited experience. Companies and other non-governmental institutions do not really employee such inexperienced workforce in masses; as a result these young graduates have very limited choice of employer. In view of this, these inexperienced graduates depend on the government for employment despite the fact that it does not pay “well” as compared to other non-government employers. Additionally, the civil service has been deemed by several Breton-Wood Institutions and others as having poor or unattractive working conditions just like other governments in the least developed countries. Due to these problems, there have been mass exoduses from the civil service exemplified by the medical personnel in the health sector as well as in education. This is very evident among the middle range or entry levels who also happen to be these new graduates from the University yet they are the hub of the professional/technical and administrative categories. This means that the more turnover the civil service has today, the greater the risk of having a poor civil service in the near future. This has not gone well with the government as an employer because recruitment, selection and hiring are very costly and time consuming. In trying to curb the many problems faced by the civil service, the Breton-Woods Institutions initiated what have been called the Civil Service Reform Programmes for more than 10 years (since 1994/5). One of the targets in the Civil Service Reform Programmes was (and still is) to improve the working conditions of the civil servants in order to reduce turnover and enhance retention. This study examined the relationship between some Human Resource practices (salary, job enrichment/autonomy and job stability strategies) as the precursor variables and turnover intentions as an outcome variable. It also explains the relationship between of job satisfaction and employee commitment with both turnover and the HR practices. Backward regression method was used to find the relationships. It still remains obvious that intentions to exit the civil service remain high but employees can hardly quit mainly due to other external labour market forces and also the job security they enjoy in the service. Satisfaction and commitment remain shaky- levels are relatively low though not too low.
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    Factors Affecting Employee Commitment in Nonprofit Organization in Taiwan
    (2010) 林姍姍; Lim San San
    Due to the rapid growth of nonprofit organizations and their contribution to the community, it is important to conduct a further study of employees who are the key component of these organizations. This study explores factors related to employee commitment in nonprofit organizations (job characteristic, job satisfaction, role fit, extrinsic rewards, job stress and turnover intention). In this study, the researcher intends to provide a theoretical framework of factors related to employee commitment in nonprofit organizations. A questionnaire was the data-collection method for the research. A quantitative research approach was adopted, and linear regression and correlation variable analysis method were used to process and examine the effect of the variables mentioned. The questionnaires were distributed in a period of about six weeks from April 12th until May 30th, 2008. 105 samples were collected from social service organizations and 60 samples were collected from ICDF. In total, 165 samples were received and 162 samples could be used. The data comes from 10 nonprofit organizations in Taiwan. Those 10 nonprofit organizations are categorized into 2 types of organizations: Social service organizations and Taiwan ICDF. In terms of relative contribution, the researcher found that job characteristic, role fit, extrinsic rewards and turnover intention directly influence employee commitment in a nonprofit organization. Through this study, the leaders of nonprofit organizations can broaden their knowledge about what factors impact employees the most. Such findings are useful for an organization to improve the commitment of its employees who constitute a key part of the organization.