成年初顯期青年生涯混沌態度與創業意圖之關係以生涯願景與生涯調適為中介變項

Abstract

近年來，臺灣創業風氣盛行，相關大專院校與政府單位紛紛設立相關課程與創業中心，以提供青年創業者所需的支持和指導。由此可見，青年創業已是時下越來越多青年所選擇的生涯道路之一。因此本研究試圖從個體生涯發展能力與態度的角度來探討，究竟甚麼樣子的人會傾向選擇創業。 本研究旨在探討成年初顯期青年在生涯混沌、創業意圖、生涯願景和生涯調適方面之關聯。並檢驗成年初顯期青年的生涯願景和生涯調適對生涯混沌和創業意圖之間的中介效果。本研究以18—27歲青年為研究對象，共435人。研究工具採用「生涯混沌態度量表」、「生涯調適力量表」、「生涯願景量表」、「創業意圖量表」。透過網路問卷施測後進行描述性統計、單因子多變量分析、皮爾森積差相關分析、中介分析。 研究結果呈現如下：一、不同性別、學歷之成年初顯期青年在生涯混沌、創業意圖、生涯願景和生涯調適總分上無顯著差異，惟機緣覺察、職場資訊、生涯關注分量表有顯著差異，呈現女性大於男性，複雜覺察分量表呈現大專院校學歷得分大於研究所，生涯好奇分量表呈現研究所學歷得分大於大專院校；二、不同學職狀態之成年初顯期青年在生涯混沌、創業意圖、生涯願景總分上無顯著差異，惟機緣覺察分量表呈現在職者與在學者得分大於在職者，負向未來分量表呈現待業者得分大於在職與在學者，職場資訊方面呈現在職者大於其他兩者，在生涯調適力總分與分量表中，在職者表現大於在學與待業者。三、在學職類別方面，在生涯混沌、生涯願景和生涯調適總分上無顯著差異，惟機緣覺察分量表呈現藝術型大於研究、分析型，創業意圖量表呈現藝術型大於社會、服務型。四、成年初顯期青年在生涯混沌、創業意圖、生涯願景和生涯調適之間有顯著相關。五、成年初顯期青年生涯願景和生涯調適對生涯混沌與創業意圖的中介效果中，以恆定信念、機緣覺察及機緣轉念為自變項時，有部分中介與完全中介效果存在。最後針對本研究結果提供生涯輔導具體建議及未來研究參考。In recent years, the entrepreneurial trend has been prevalent in Taiwan, leading to the establishment of various related courses and entrepreneurial centers by universities and government agencies. These initiatives aim to provide support and guidance to young entrepreneurs. It is evident that entrepreneurship has become one of the career paths increasingly chosen by the youth. Therefore, this study attempts to explore from the perspective of individual career development abilities and attitudes, which types of individuals are more inclined towards choosing entrepreneurship.The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between career chaos, entrepreneurial intention, career vision, and career adaptability among young adults in their early adulthood. It also examines the mediating effects of career vision and career adaptability on the relationship between career chaos and entrepreneurial intention. The study includes 435 participants aged between 18 and 27 years. Research instruments such as the Career Chaos Attitude Scale, Career Adaptability Scale, Career Vision Scale, and Entrepreneurial Intention Scale were used. Descriptive statistics, one-way multivariate analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted. The results show that there were no significant differences in career chaos, entrepreneurial intention, career vision, and career adaptability scores based on gender and educational background. However, significant differences were found in certain subscales. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in career chaos, entrepreneurial intention, and career vision scores among participants with different employment and education statuses, but significant differences were found in specific subscales. Moreover, the study revealed significant correlations between career chaos, entrepreneurial intention, career vision, and career adaptability among young adults in their early adulthood. Furthermore, career vision and career adaptability were found to have significant mediating effects on the relationship between career chaos and entrepreneurial intention. The findings of this study have implications for educational practices and future research in the field.