地方創生政策於地方執行成效與問題之研究-以高雄六龜與新北貢寮為例

Abstract

行政院宣示2019年為臺灣地方創生元年，訂定地方創生政策為國家安全戰略層級的國家政策，於國家發展委員會致力的輔助與推動之下，陸續有鄉、鎮市及區規劃並執行地方創生計畫，並以地方政府或公所做為計畫主導者；然而，地方創生政策是否能更貼近地方需求、得以改變地方窘境？應以何種方式進行？若是以推動地方創生策略的角度來看，是否又會演變成中央與地方政治角力之局面？其互動關係為何？如何藉由地方組織及力量，透過地方政治與地方創生之對話，體現中央政策之美意？在面對農村高齡化等社會問題，國發會提出地方創生政策做為因應良方，期許能以文化創新能量帶動產業發展和生活提升的可能性，然而，欲翻轉地方乃是需要連結地方的社會文化脈絡，由內而外的創新轉，激起在地民眾的「認同感」，方能順利推展相關發展策略。本研究以質性研究做為研究取向，運用資料蒐集、觀察法、半結構式訪談以及比較分析等研究方法，另以「里山倡議」的觀點，羅織高雄市六龜區與新北市貢寮區於推動地方創生政策過程中的珍貴資料，於研究訪談的過程中發現，「里海」是新北貢寮的發展方向，「里山」是對於高雄六龜的期許，而以「地方性」做為對於地方的關懷、認同及期許之立意點，是以，本研究以地方性做為基礎、里山倡議為理念、地方創生政策為外在執行良策，內在操作模式則以地方治理為主，做為研究之主要面向，探討偏鄉農村如何以創新設計方式尋求地方發展外，亦探討農村轉型永續發展的可能性。The Executive Yuan declared 2019 as Taiwan’s Regional Revitalization Year, and positioned regional revitalization as a national-level security policy. With the assistance and promotion of National Development Council, there had been successive townships (urban area) planning and implementation of the Regional Revitalization Policy. If the local government or public offices as project leader that can local creation policies be closer to local needs or change local dilemmas? How should it be carried out? From the perspective of promoting Regional Revitalization Policy, will it evolve into a situation of Political wrangling between the central and local governments? How to reflect the good intentions of policy through local organizations and forces?The National Development Council has put forward the Regional Revitalization Policy to the possibility of driving industrial development and life improvement with the energy of cultural innovation that facing social problem such as rural aging. However, in order to change the local, it is necessary to connect social and cultural context, the innovation from the inside to the outside, and arouse the"sense of identity" to be development successfully. This study uses qualitative research as the research orientation, through using methods such as data collection, field surveys, semi-structured interviews and comparative analysis research. In addition, based on the viewpoint of the Satoyama Initiative. Analysis the precious data of Liouguei District, Kaohsiung City and the Gonliao District of New Taipei City in the process of promoting the Regional Revitalization Policy were found the development direction of Gonliao is Satoumi, and Satoyama is the hope for Liouguei, and the locality as the point of care. This study is based on locality, Satoyama initiative as the concept, the local creation policy as the external implementation of the style focuses on cultural governance as the main orientation of the research. In addition to exploring how to seek development in innovative design methods in rural areas, and also explores the possibility of sustainable development of rural transformation.