攝取咖啡因對大專男子籃球選手Yo‒Yo間歇恢復跑與罰球命中率之影響

Abstract

目的：本研究旨在探討攝取咖啡因 (caffeine) 對大專男子籃球選手Yo‒Yo間歇恢復跑第一級測驗 (Yo‒Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1, Yo‒Yo IR1) 與罰球命中率之影響。方法：以12名男子甲組大專籃球聯賽籃球員為受試者，以隨機平衡次序之實驗設計，依序進行兩種不同實驗處理。受試者於運動1小時前分別攝取咖啡因膠囊 (6 mg/kg) 或安慰劑膠囊 (纖維素) 及300 ml的水，增補後1小時進行第1次籃球罰球30球測驗。第1次籃球罰球測驗後接著進行Yo‒Yo IR1測驗，隨後再進行第2次籃球罰球30球測驗。實驗過程的前、中、後，採集血乳酸、心跳率及與運動自覺量表 (rating of perceived exertion, RPE)。結果：相較於安慰劑處理，咖啡因處理可顯著地增加Yo‒Yo IR1測驗的距離 (咖啡因處理 vs. 安慰劑處理，1280 ± 244 m vs. 1157 ± 193 m，t = 2.42，p< .05)、血乳酸濃度 (第一次罰球後，咖啡因處理 vs. 安慰劑處理，1.53 ± 0.59 vs. 1.12 ± 0.33 mmol･L-1，p < .05；Yo‒Yo IR1測驗後，咖啡因處理 vs. 安慰劑處理，7.11 ± 1.81 vs. 5.46 ± 2.02 mmol･L-1，p < .05；第二次罰球後，咖啡因處理 vs. 安慰劑處理，6.83 ± 1.91 vs. 4.47 ± 1.63 mmol･L-1，p < .05)，與心跳率 (咖啡因處理 vs. 安慰劑處理，Yo‒Yo IR1測驗時的平均心率，186 ± 6 bpm vs. 176 ± 7 bpm，p < . 05；第二次罰球時的平均心跳率，139 ± 11 vs. 128 ± 8 bpm，p < .05)。不過，在RPE與罰球命中率的表現上，兩種實驗處理之間則無顯著差異 (p > .05)。結論：攝取咖啡因應能促進籃球運動選手的Yo‒Yo IR1測驗表現，同時也會造成心跳率與血乳酸上升的壓力，但是，並不會影響罰球命中率。

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effects of caffeine ingestion on Yo‒Yo intermittent recovery level 1test (Yo‒Yo IR1) and accuracy of free-throw in collegiate basketball players. Methods: Twelve male collegiate basketball players were recruited in this counter-balance designed study, and completed two different treatments. All participants were asked to ingest caffeine (6 mg/kg) or placebo (cellulose, 6 mg/kg) with 300 ml of water 1 hour before first set of free-throw test (30 shootings). After first set of free-throw test, participants performed Yo‒Yo IR1 followed by second set of free-throw test. The blood lactate, heart rates, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured before during, after the experiments. Results: Compared with the placebo condition, caffeine ingestion significantly increased the Yo‒Yo IR1 performance (caffeine vs. placebe, 1280 ± 244 m vs. 1157 ± 193 m, t = 2.42, p< .05), blood lactate (1st set of free-throw test: caffeine vs. placebo, 1.53 ± 0.59 vs. 1.12 ± 0.33 mmol·L-1, p < .05; after Yo‒Yo IR1 test: caffeine vs. placebo, 7.11 ± 1.81 vs. 5.46 ± 2.02 mmol·L-1, p < .05; 2nd set of free-throw test, caffeine vs. placebo, 6.83 ± 1.91 vs. 4.47 ± 1.63 mmol·L-1, p < .05),and heart rate (mean heart rate during Yo‒Yo IR1 test: caffeine vs. placebo, 186 ± 6 vs. 176 ± 7 bpm, p < . 05; 2nd set of free-throw test: 139 ± 11 vs. 128 ± 8 bpm, p < .05). However, no significant differences on RPE and free-throw performance were found between treatments (p > .05). Conclusion: Although the heart rate and blood lactate levels might be increased, caffeine ingestion could improve Yo‒Yo IR1 performance with no changes in accuracy of free-throw shooting in collegiate basketball players.