國中生述情障礙與網路成癮之關係研究：以自我批評為中介變項

Abstract

網際網路的普及和方便，強化了我們對於網路的依賴感和沉迷的可能性。而正值身心快速發展的青少年，其網路使用行為亦為大眾關注之焦點。本研究目的為檢視國中生述情障礙、自我批評與網路成癮行為之關聯性，並以Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution（I-PACE） model（Brand et al., 2016）釐清自我批評是否能中介述情障礙對網路成癮之正向預測關係。本研究以臺灣北部國中生為研究對象，採用橫斷研究法，使用問卷調查的方式進行施測，預計施測人數共為1,244人，共取得有效樣本1,060份、有效樣本回收率為85.21%。本研究使用「個人資料表」、「憂鬱經驗問卷之自我批評分量表」、「多倫多述情障礙量表」及「陳氏網路成癮量表」作為研究工具；本研究採用描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、Pearson相關分析及結構方程模型等統計方式進行資料分析。研究結果顯示：（1）國中生平均每週上網時間為24.77小時（標準差為21.31小時），每週智慧型手機使用時間為22.59小時（標準差為21.15小時），且高達90.6%之國中生擁有屬於自己的智慧型手機；（2）每週上網時間和網路成癮總分會因國中生是否擁有智慧型手機及年級而有所顯著差異；（3）述情障礙可顯著且正向預測網路成癮；（4）自我批評可顯著且正向預測網路成癮；（5）自我批評可部分中介述情障礙對網路成癮之正向預測關係。本研究檢驗國中生述情障礙和自我批評對網路成癮行為之關聯模式，且研究者依此研究結果提出建議供家長、教師、輔導人員及研究者作為參考，以利預防和介入國中生網路成癮行為。The popularity and convenience of the Internet have reinforced our dependence on it and the potential for addiction. Furthermore, the negative internet usage behavior of teenagers, who are undergoing rapid physical and mental development, has become a major concern for the general public. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Alexithymia, Self-Criticism, and Internet Addiction among junior high school students, and to clarify whether Self-Criticism mediates the predictive relationship between Alexithymia and Internet Addiction, based on the model of Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE)( Brand et al., 2016). This research was conducted by cross-sectional analysis and invited the junior high school students in northern Taiwan as the participants, and received 1,060 valid responses with 85.21% response rate from questionnaire survey. The content of the questionnaire includes the personal information, the Self-Criticism Subscale of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ), the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and the Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS). Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to analyze the relationship and causality between variables. The results showed that: (1) The average weekly internet usage time for junior high school students was 24.77 hours (SD = 21.31 hours), and the average weekly smartphone usage time was 22.59 hours (SD = 21.15 hours). Furthermore, 90.6% of the junior high school students owned their own smartphones. (2) Weekly internet usage time and CIAS varied significantly depending on whether the students owned smartphones and their grade level. (3) Alexithymia significantly and positively predicted Internet Addiction. (4) Self-Criticism significantly and positively predicted Internet Addiction. (5) Self-Criticism partially mediated the positive predictive relationship between Alexithymia and Internet Addiction. This study aimed to realize the influence from Alexithymia to Internet Addiction, and the mediating role of Self-Criticism, and finally modeled their causality based on the research analysis. The conclusion in the final part trying to provide the guides for parents, teachers, counselors, and researchers as a reference to set the treatment of the internet addictive behaviors to junior high school students.