行動者網絡：台北市北投中心新村眷村文化保存之地方運動研究

Abstract

眷村是國民政府為安置大舉播遷來台的軍人及眷屬而有的特殊產物，乘載了許多人的生命記憶與成長經驗，因此眷村在台灣有其特殊的歷史意義和出現背景。同時眷村也是台灣這個環境才有的獨特居住方式，記載著這批軍人來台灣的的生活方式與生命故事，是具特殊台灣意義的文化資產。然而，在台灣走往都市化的歷程當中，眷村的外觀坐落在市區內顯得相當格格不入，因此政府在1996年實施推動「國軍老舊眷村改建條例」，這使得國內眷村開始出現被拆遷的危機，為了譨留住眷村文化，政府、民間團體、專業人士共同推動眷村文化保存運動。位在台北市北投區的中心新村，原本是1898年，因為當地有溫泉，讓日本在此興建日本陸軍衛戍醫院。二次大戰劃下句點後則更改為國軍精神專科醫院，是全台唯一擁有溫泉的眷村。眷村內的建築形式，有早期的日遺眷舍、也有由婦聯會出資興建的眷舍與居民自己蓋的房舍。眷村內部的型態紀錄了本地的發展史。隨著各地眷村出現臨拆遷的命運，中心新村也於2017年遷村完畢，而這個具有歷史價值的宿舍也面臨著如何活化的問題。此篇研究希望藉由行動者網絡去觀察，北投中心新村保存的實踐，是如何在面對政府執行眷村保存政策之下，在地方團體與眷村保存者之間，建立起彼此的網絡關係，並且創進雙方的利害關係與價值共創，以及如何走向永續多元與健康的發展。The military dependents' village is a unique product of the national government for resettling soldiers and their dependents who have moved to Taiwan on a large scale. It carries the living memory and growth experience of many people. Therefore, the Military dependents' village in Taiwan hasspecial historical significance and origin background. At the same time, the dependents' village is a unique way of living in this environment in Taiwan. It records the lifestyle and life stories of these soldiers who came to Taiwan. It is a cultural asset of particular significance to Taiwan.However, in the process of urbanization in Taiwan, the appearance of the dependents' village is entirely out of place in the urban area. Therefore, the government implemented and promoted the "Regulations on the reconstruction of the dependents' village of the national army" in 1996,which led to the demolition crisis of domestic dependents' villages. To preserve the culture of The Dependents' villages, the government, non-governmental organizations, and professionals jointly promote the cultural preservation movement of the Dependents' villages. Located in the central new village of Beitou District, Taipei City, Japan built the Japanese Army garrison hospital here in 1898 because of the local hot spring. After the end of the Second World War, it was changed to the National Army psychiatric hospital, the only dependents' village in Taiwan with hot springs. The architectural forms in the dependents' village include：the early Japanese dependents' houses,the dependents' homes funded by the women's Federation,the residents' houses.The internal pattern of the dependents' village records the history of local development. With the fate of temporary demolition in local dependents' villages, the relocation of the central new town was completed in 2017. This historic dormitory is also facing the problem of how to activate it. This study hopes to use the actor-network to observe the practice of the preservation of Beitou central new village and how to establish mutual network relations between local groups and the preservers of Dependents Village under the implementation of the government's Dependents Village preservation policy and create mutual interests and values, as well as how to move towards sustainable, diversified, and healthy development.