臺北縣國民小學退休教師社會參與及幸福感關係之研究
Abstract
本研究旨在探討臺北縣國小退休教師社會參與及幸福感的現況及其關係，並分析不同背景變項之教師，其社會參與及幸福感之差異情形。問卷調查以臺北縣國民小學退休教師為母群體，採便利取樣及滾雪球的方式，針對臺北縣47所國小，820位學校教師發放「臺北縣國民小學退休教師社會參與概況調查問卷」，回收率為96.46%，有效問卷為779份，可用率為98.48%。所得資料以描述統計、t考驗、單因數變異數分析、斯皮爾曼等級相關、皮爾遜積差相關以及逐步多元迴歸等統計方法進行資料分析。根據資料分析結果，本研究獲致以下結論：
一、臺北縣國小教師之社會參與及幸福感皆為良好。
二、臺北縣國小退休教師健康狀況與社會參與程度達顯著正相關；此外離婚或分居、有宗教信仰、有再度就業、家人很支持參與社會活動的退休教師，其社會參與之狀況較佳。
三、臺北縣國小退休教師健康狀況與幸福感達顯著正相關；此外教育程度研究所以上、有再度就業、家人很支持參與社會活動的退休教師，其幸福感較佳。
四、臺北縣國小退休教師社會參與愈高、時間愈長則幸福感愈佳。
五、臺北縣國小退休教師之背景變項與社會參與對幸福感的預測力達顯著水準者共有六個，依序為「進修學習」、「休閒活動」、「健康狀況」、「家人支持」、「志願服務」、「宗教活動」。
六、依據本研究發現與結論，提出下列建議：
（一）對退休教師之建議
1.體認社會參與的重要，主動積極參與，提高自我幸福感。
2.規畫進修學習為退休生活的一部份，以發展個人興趣與專長。
3.重視生理健康的需求，加強自我保健觀念，維護身體健康。
（二）對教育機關單位之建議
1. 協助成立退休教師聯誼交流組織，建立經驗分享的機制。
2. 規劃退休前後的教育課程，加強資訊宣傳管道，落實終生學習的理念。
3. 重視退休教師人力市場，發展退休教師人力資源銀行。
The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship of social participation and well-being of retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County, and to analyze the impacts of teachers’ backgrounds on their social participation and well-being. The sample of this study consisted of 776 retired teachers from 47 elementary schools. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Spearman’s rank correlation, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data. The findings were as follows, 1. It was nice about the social participation and well-being of the retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County. 2. There was significant positive correlation between their health and level of social participation of the retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County. Besides, the situation of social participation was better when they divorced or separated, had religious belief, re-employed, and had the family support. 3. There was significant positive correlation between their health and well-being of the retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County. Besides, their well-being was better when they graduated from graduated school, re-employed, and had the family support to participate in social participation. 4. The deeper was the level and the longer was the time of social participation of retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County, the better was the well-being. 5. Six background variables of retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County got significant level to predict retired teacher's well-being. They were further study, leisure activity, health, family support, volunteer service, and the religious activities in turn. Finally, according to these conclusions, it also provided some suggestions to readers: 1. For retired teachers: (1) Understand the importance of the social participation, and participate in it positively in order to enhance the well-being. (2) Arrange further learning to be part of retired life to develop individual interest and profession. (3) Strengthen the idea of self-health, take care and maintain the individual health. 2. For educational institutions: (1) Assist teachers to establish the exchange network to enhance teacher’s experience sharing. (2) Plan education curriculum for retiring or retired teachers, and strengthen the information propagation to carry out the lifelong learning. (3) Build the labor market of retired teachers to expanse the human resource.
The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship of social participation and well-being of retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County, and to analyze the impacts of teachers’ backgrounds on their social participation and well-being. The sample of this study consisted of 776 retired teachers from 47 elementary schools. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Spearman’s rank correlation, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data. The findings were as follows, 1. It was nice about the social participation and well-being of the retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County. 2. There was significant positive correlation between their health and level of social participation of the retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County. Besides, the situation of social participation was better when they divorced or separated, had religious belief, re-employed, and had the family support. 3. There was significant positive correlation between their health and well-being of the retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County. Besides, their well-being was better when they graduated from graduated school, re-employed, and had the family support to participate in social participation. 4. The deeper was the level and the longer was the time of social participation of retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County, the better was the well-being. 5. Six background variables of retired elementary school teachers in Taipei County got significant level to predict retired teacher's well-being. They were further study, leisure activity, health, family support, volunteer service, and the religious activities in turn. Finally, according to these conclusions, it also provided some suggestions to readers: 1. For retired teachers: (1) Understand the importance of the social participation, and participate in it positively in order to enhance the well-being. (2) Arrange further learning to be part of retired life to develop individual interest and profession. (3) Strengthen the idea of self-health, take care and maintain the individual health. 2. For educational institutions: (1) Assist teachers to establish the exchange network to enhance teacher’s experience sharing. (2) Plan education curriculum for retiring or retired teachers, and strengthen the information propagation to carry out the lifelong learning. (3) Build the labor market of retired teachers to expanse the human resource.
Description
Keywords
社會參與, 幸福感, Social participation, Well-being