大學生的共依附特質、情緒調節、人際效能與正負向情感性之相關研究
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2013
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本研究旨在探討大學生的共依附特質、情緒調節、人際效能和正負向情感性之間的關聯性、預測力與中介效果。本研究採用問卷調查方式，並以便利性抽樣，向台灣西部的大專院校學生進行施測，總計回收589份有效問卷。根據問卷調查所得資料進行統計分析，分析方法為描述統計、驗證性因素分析、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、階層迴歸分析。本研究主要發現如下：
一、大學生的「共依附特質」與「正向情感性」未有顯著相關，與「負向情感性」有顯著正相關。大學生的「共依附特質」與「情緒調節」有顯著負相關。大學生的「共依附特質」與「人際效能」有顯著負相關。大學生的「情緒調節」與「正向情感性」有顯著正相關，與「負向情感性」有顯著負相關。大學生的「人際效能」與「正向情感性」有顯著正相關，與「負向情感性」有顯著負相關。大學生的「情緒調節」與「人際效能」有顯著正相關。
二、「共依附特質」、「情緒調節」和「人際效能」可以解釋大學生「正向情感性」36%變異量，且「情緒調節」、「人際效能」具有正向預測力，「共依附特質」具有負向預測力。在各個變項的分量表預測「正向情感性」方面，大學生的「認同照顧者角色」、「調整策略」、「情緒反省」、「情緒效能」、「社交效能預期」、「社交結果預期」具有正向預測力。其中以「情緒反省」的預測力最高，「社交效能預期」的預測力次之。
三、「共依附特質」、「情緒調節」和「人際效能」可以解釋大學生「負向情感性」42.3%變異量，且「共依附特質」具有正向預測力，「情緒調節」、「人際效能」具有負向預測力。各個變項的分量表預測「負向情感性」方面，大學生的「以他人為焦點」、「認同照顧者角色」、「透過關係獲得意義感」、「情緒表達」、「情緒效能」具有正向預測力，其中「透過關係獲得意義感」的預測力最高，「情緒效能」的預測力次之。
四、「情緒調節」在大學生的「共依附特質」與「正向情感性」之間的完全中介效果不成立；「情緒調節」在大學生的「共依附特質」與「負向情感性」之間的部份中介效果成立，其中「情緒表達」、「情緒效能」作為大學生的「以他人為焦點」和「負向情感性」之間的部份中介效果成立；而「情緒表達」、「情緒效能」作為大學生的「透過關係獲得意義感」和「負向情感性」之間的部份中介效果成立。
五、「人際效能」在大學生的「共依附特質」與「正向情感性」之間的完全中介效果不成立；「人際效能」在大學生的「共依附特質」與「負向情感性」之間的部份中介效果成立；其中「社交效能預期」在大學生的「以他人為焦點」與「負向情感性」之間的部分中介效果成立；另外「社交效能預期」在大學生的「透過關係獲得意義感」與「負向情感性」之間的部份中介效果成立。
本研究最後依據上述研究結果，針對大專院校諮商與學校輔導工作，提出具體建議以供參考。
The present study was to understand the relationships among codependency, emotion regulation, interpersonal efficacy, and positive and negative affect. The research is based on a collection of questionnaires distributed to a sample of 589 college students from western universities in Taiwan. A method of accidental sampling is adopted. All the collected data are respectively analyzed by frequency distribution, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. Codependency were not related to positive affect. Codependency were positively related to negative affect. Codependency were negatively related to emotion regulation and interpersonal efficacy. Positive affect were positively related to emotion regulation and interpersonal efficacy. Negaitive affect were negatively related to emotion regulation and interpersonal efficacy. Emotion regulation were positively related to interpersonal efficacy. 2.College students’s codependency, emotion regulation, and interpersonal efficacy that could predict positive affect and account for 36% variance. College students’s identified caretaking activities, regulation strategy, emotion reflection, emotion efficacy, social efficacy expectation, and social outcome expectation that could positively predict positive affect. Moever, emotion reflection was the most dominant factor in predicting positive affect. 3. College students’s codependency, emotion regulation, and interpersonal efficacy that could predict negative affect and account for 36% variance. College students’ extreme focus outside of self, identified caretaking activities, attempts to derive a sense of purpose through relationships, emotional expression, and emotion efficacy that could positively predict positive affect. Moever, captering a sense of purpose through relationships was the most dominant factor in predicting negative affect. 4. Emotion regulation has no mediation effect between codependency and positive affect. Emotion regulation has partial mediation effect between codependency and negative affect. Emotional expression and emotion efficacy have partial mediation effect between extreme focus outside of self and negative affect. Emotional expression and emotion efficacy have partial mediation effect between attempts to derive a sense of purpose through relationships and negative affect. 5. Interpersonal efficacy has no mediation effect between codependency and positive affect. Interpersonal efficacy has partial mediation effect between codependency and negative affect. Social efficacy expectation has partial mediation effect between extreme focus outside of self and negative affect. Social efficacy expectation has partial mediation effect between attempts to derive a sense of purpose through relationships and negative affect. Based on the results, implications of the study were discussed, and suggestions for further research were proposed.
The present study was to understand the relationships among codependency, emotion regulation, interpersonal efficacy, and positive and negative affect. The research is based on a collection of questionnaires distributed to a sample of 589 college students from western universities in Taiwan. A method of accidental sampling is adopted. All the collected data are respectively analyzed by frequency distribution, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. Codependency were not related to positive affect. Codependency were positively related to negative affect. Codependency were negatively related to emotion regulation and interpersonal efficacy. Positive affect were positively related to emotion regulation and interpersonal efficacy. Negaitive affect were negatively related to emotion regulation and interpersonal efficacy. Emotion regulation were positively related to interpersonal efficacy. 2.College students’s codependency, emotion regulation, and interpersonal efficacy that could predict positive affect and account for 36% variance. College students’s identified caretaking activities, regulation strategy, emotion reflection, emotion efficacy, social efficacy expectation, and social outcome expectation that could positively predict positive affect. Moever, emotion reflection was the most dominant factor in predicting positive affect. 3. College students’s codependency, emotion regulation, and interpersonal efficacy that could predict negative affect and account for 36% variance. College students’ extreme focus outside of self, identified caretaking activities, attempts to derive a sense of purpose through relationships, emotional expression, and emotion efficacy that could positively predict positive affect. Moever, captering a sense of purpose through relationships was the most dominant factor in predicting negative affect. 4. Emotion regulation has no mediation effect between codependency and positive affect. Emotion regulation has partial mediation effect between codependency and negative affect. Emotional expression and emotion efficacy have partial mediation effect between extreme focus outside of self and negative affect. Emotional expression and emotion efficacy have partial mediation effect between attempts to derive a sense of purpose through relationships and negative affect. 5. Interpersonal efficacy has no mediation effect between codependency and positive affect. Interpersonal efficacy has partial mediation effect between codependency and negative affect. Social efficacy expectation has partial mediation effect between extreme focus outside of self and negative affect. Social efficacy expectation has partial mediation effect between attempts to derive a sense of purpose through relationships and negative affect. Based on the results, implications of the study were discussed, and suggestions for further research were proposed.
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共依附特質, 情緒調節, 人際效能, 正負向情感性, codependency, emotion regulation, interpersonal efficacy, positive and negative affect