從適應到認同──社區新手諮商心理師的發展經驗探究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討社區新手諮商心理師的專業發展經驗。研究以立意取樣，研究邀請者為已取得中華民國諮商心理師證照且執業五年內，加上在專業發展與認同的經驗中曾出現挑戰並嘗試進一步面對，同時，意識到自我專業認同隨專業發展歷程開始萌芽之四位心理師。四位參與者中有一位男性，三位女性，他們的年齡皆約三十歲上下，年資為一至三年左右。研究者設計訪談大綱，以半結構式訪談的方式進行資料蒐集，並透過敘事研究中「整體—內容」與「類別—內容」之研究方法進行資料分析，以了解社區新手諮商心理師的專業發展經驗、在專業認同上所面臨的挑戰，以及如何因應專業認同挑戰之方式。本研究研究結果如下：（一）社區新手諮商心理師之專業發展與認同受個人生命經驗影響；初入社區諮商領域前後期待的落差對個人專業認同造成影響；個人未來在社區領域發展之展望受工作價值與成就感的影響。（二）社區新手諮商心理師的專業認同挑戰包含：專業能力、執業機構、社區領域、自費市場、個人特質、個案類型、專業初衷等七個層面。（三）社區新手諮商心理師面對專業認同挑戰的因應可分為：個人內在資源、個人外在資源、機構提供資源等三個類別。 最後，本研究根據研究結果提出具體建議，提供期待進入社區諮商領域的新手心理師、學校相關人員、社區諮商相關機構、政府機關與未來研究者做為參考。

The purpose of this study is to see how the novice counseling psychologists develop their experience into a professional level in the local communities. The main methodology of this research would be purposive sampling and with four counseling psychologists involved, for whom they all have the counseling psychologist license from the Republic of China and have practiced their business for no more than five years. Among these counseling psychologists, they all had been through the stage of challenging themselves of the development and identity on their profession in the past, and attempted to confront these difficulties further more in the future. At the same time, they should also realize that their professional identity would come along with their professional development. In this research, the participates would be one male and three female, in their thirties, and have around one to three years of experience of being a professional counseling psychologist. The design of the interview outline is to collect the qualitive data through semi-structured interviews. The methodology of data analysis is based on holistic-content and categorical-content approach of narrative research.The results of the study are as follows. First, the professional development and identity of novice counseling psychologists in the local communities are affected by personal life experiences; the difference between the expectation and what actually happened after they enter the field of community consultation cause a huge impact on their personal identity on this profession; an individual’s future development goal in the community are affected by how much the value and accomplishment they have received. Second, the challenges on the professional identity of these novice community counseling psychologists include seven levels: Professional ability, organization, the local community, self-pay market, personal characteristics, the type of case, and professional intention. Third, the ways how these novice counseling psychologists in local communities respond to their professional identity challenges include: Personal internal resources, personal external resources, and resources provided by institutions.In the end, based on the results, the research offers the specific, practical suggestions for the novice psychologists who is looking forward to entering the field of local community counseling, and also, the school related personnel, the organizations related to the community consultation, the government agencies and the future researchers.