大學生成人依附風格與求助態度－以知覺的社會支持、社會污名、自我污名為中介變項研究

Abstract

本研究主要目的在探討大學生的成人依附風格、知覺的社會支持、社會污名、 自我污名與求助態度之間的關連性、預測性及中介關係。本研究以便利取樣抽取 臺灣1023 位在學大學生進行問卷調查。研究工具包含人際依附風格量表、求助態 度量表－短式（ATSPPH-SF）、社交提供量尺（SPS）、心理諮商及心理困擾污名量表、求助之自我污名量表（SSOSH）共五部份。研究結果如下： （一）安全依附與知覺的社會支持、社會污名、自我污名及求助態度均有顯 著相關；焦慮依附與知覺的社會支持、社會污名及自我污名有顯著相關，但與求 助態度無顯著相關；逃避依附與知覺的社會支持、社會污名、自我污名及求助態 度有顯著相關；排除依附與知覺的社會支持及求助態度有顯著相關，但與社會污 名和自我污名無顯著相關；求助態度與知覺的社會支持、社會污名及自我污名均 有顯著相關。 （二）在安全依附向度下，安全依附、知覺的社會支持、社會污名及自我污 名對求助態度有顯著預測力；在焦慮依附向度下，焦慮依附、知覺的社會支持及 自我污名對求助態度有顯著預測力，但社會污名對求助態度無顯著預測力；在逃 避依附向度下，知覺的社會支持及自我污名對求助態度有顯著預測力，但逃避依 附和社會污名對求助態度無顯著預測力；在排除依附向度下，排除依附和知覺的 社會支持對求助態度有顯著預測力，但自我污名和社會污名對求助態度無顯著預 測力。 （三）知覺的社會支持和自我污名在安全依附與求助態度之間有部分中介效 果；知覺的社會支持和自我污名在焦慮依附與求助態度之間有部分中介效果；知 覺的社會支持和自我污名在逃避依附與求助態度之間有完全中介效果；知覺的社 會支持在排除依附與求助態度之間有部分中介效果。 （四）大學生的成人依附風格類型，在其知覺的社會支持、社會污名、自我 污名以及求助態度，有不同的差異情形。 最後，根據研究結果進行討論並提出具體建議，做為心理專業實務工作與日 後研究之參考。The purpose of this study is to explore the relationships among the help-seeking attitudes of their adult attachment styles, perceived social support, social stigma, and self-stigma in college students in Taiwan. Measurements of all the variables were administered to 1023 students from Taiwan by convenience sampling. The scales used including Attachment Style Scale, Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale - Short Form（ATSPPH-SF）, Social Provisions Scale（SPS）, Perceived Counseling Stigma Scale, and Self-Stigma of Seeking Help（SSOSH）. The findings of this study were as following: 1. Secure attachment was related to perceived social support, social stigma, self-stigma, and help-seeking attitudes. Preoccupied attachment was related to perceived social support, social stigma, and self-stigma, but it was not related to help-seeking attitudes. Fearful attachment was related to perceived social support, social stigma, self-stigma, and help-seeking attitudes. Dismissing attachment was related to perceived social support and help-seeking attitudes, but it was not related to social stigma and self-stigma. Help-seeking attitudes was related to perceived social support, social stigma, and self-stigma. 2. Secure attachment, perceived social support, social stigma, and self-stigma could significantly predict help-seeking attitudes of secure attachment dimension. Preoccupied attachment, perceived social support, and self-stigma could significantly predict help-seeking attitudes of preoccupied attachment dimension, but social stigma could not significantly predict help-seeking attitudes of this dimension. Perceived social support and self-stigma could significantly predict help-seeking attitudes of fearful attachment dimension, but fearful attachment and social stigma could not significantly predict help-seeking attitudes of this dimension. Dismissing attachment and perceived social support could significantly predict help-seeking attitudes of dismissing attachment dimension, but social stigma and self-stigma could not significantly predict help-seeking attitudes of this dimension. 3. Secure attachment and help-seeking attitudes were mediated partially by perceived social support and self-stigma. Preoccupied attachment and help-seeking attitudes were mediated partially by perceived social support and self-stigma. Fearful attachment and help-seeking attitudes were mediated completely by perceived social support and self-stigma. Dismissing attachment and help-seeking attitudes were mediated partially by perceived social support. 4. Four adult attachment styles in college students showed significant differences in perceived social support, social stigma, self-stigma, and help-seeking attitudes. Bases on the results, suggestions for psychological service and further research were proposed.