國中生人格特質、人際歸因、認可需求與拒絕敏感度之關係研究

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解國中生的人格特質、人際歸因、認可需求與拒絕敏感度之關係，並將兩種類型拒絕敏感度(即焦慮拒絕預期及生氣拒絕預期)同時納入探討。本研究對象為國中七、八、九年級學生，合計616位學生(平均年齡13.80歲)。使用「人格特質量表」、「人際歸因量表」、「同儕認可需求量表」及「同儕拒絕敏感度量表」做為本研究之測量工具，並以描述性統計、Pearson積差相關、獨立樣本t檢定、多元迴歸及階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。主要研究發現如下：(1)人格特質與拒絕敏感度有顯著關聯；(2)人際歸因對人格特質與焦慮拒絕預期之關聯無中介效果；(3)人際歸因對人格特質與生氣拒絕預期之關聯有部分中介效果；(4)正向認可需求對人格特質與拒絕敏感度之關聯無調節效果；(5)負向認可需求對人格特質與拒絕敏感度之關聯有調節效果。最後根據本研究之發現，針對教育輔導工作者及未來研究提出相關建議。

The present study aimed to examine the correlation between personality trait, interpersonal attribution, need for approval and rejection sensitivity among junior high school students. In addition, the study highlighted the importance of considering the two forms of rejection sensitivity which refers to anxious expectation of rejection and angry expectation of rejection. A sample of 616 seventh-to-ninth graders (mean age = 13.80) completed self-reported measures of the Personality Trait Questionnaire, the Interpersonal Attribution Questionnaire, the Need for Approval Questionnaire, and the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, independent sample t-test, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The main findings of the study were summarized as follows: (1) Personality trait was significantly correlated with rejection sensitivity; (2) Interpersonal attribution did not play a mediating role in the relationship between personality trait and anxious expectation of rejection; (3) Interpersonal attribution partially mediated the relationship between personality trait and angry expectation of rejection; (4) Positive approval-based self-appraisals did not play a moderating role in the relationship between personality trait and rejection sensitivity; and (5) Negative approval-based self-appraisals moderated the relationship between personality trait and rejection sensitivity. Based on these findings, suggestions for educators and future research were provided.