臺灣大學生運動員認同和運動倦怠之心理中介與人際調節變項探究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討臺灣大學生運動員認同、自我概念、自尊，以及人際親密能力和運動倦怠之相關性，並探討自我概念和自尊在運動員認同和運動倦怠之間是否具有中介效果，以及人際親密能力在運動員認同與運動倦怠間是否具有調節效果。本研究參與者為臺灣地區公私立大專院校大一至大五學生運動員，採用紙本問卷及網路問卷進行施測，紙本問卷以臺北地區運動競技相關科系學生為對象進行班級施測，共蒐集63份有效樣本，網路線上問卷則有381份有效樣本，總共蒐集444份有效樣本。本研究工具包括「運動員認同量表」、「運動員倦怠量表」、「田納西自我概念量表」、「Rosenberg自尊量表中文版」及「人際親密能力量表」。本研究以皮爾森積差相關、階層迴歸分析、中介效果分析及調節效果分析等統計方法檢驗研究假設，主要研究結果如下： 一、本研究樣本的運動員認同與運動倦怠為顯著負相關；本研究樣本之運動員認同與其自我概念、自尊以及人際親密能力皆有顯著正相關；本研究樣本之運動倦怠與其自我概念、自尊以及人際親密能力皆具有顯著負相關。 二、本研究樣本之自我概念在其運動員認同與運動倦怠間具有顯著完全中介效果。 三、本研究樣本之自尊在其運動員認同與運動倦怠間具有顯著完全中介效果。 四、本研究樣本之人際親密能力在其運動員認同與運動倦怠間無顯著的調節效果。 最後，本研究綜合上述研究結果，提出本研究之限制與對未來相關研究與大學生運動員諮商輔導實務之建議。This study aimed to examine the relationships among athlete identity, self-concept, self-esteem, interpersonal competence, and burnout, as well as the role of psychosocial variables as the mediators and moderator of the relationship between athlete identity and burnout in Taiwanese college student-athletes. The participants of this study consisted of 444 college student-athletes in Taiwan, and they completed the study questionnaire including the Chinese versions of Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS), Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS:2), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire (ICQ) and Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). Pearson correlation, multiple hierarchical regression, as well as the mediation and moderation analyses were used to analyze data. Results of the study were as follow: 1. Athlete identity was significantly negatively related to burnout. Self-concept, self-esteem and interpersonal competence were all significantly positively related to athlete identity but negatively related to burnout. 2. Self-concept fully mediated the relationship between athlete identity and burnout. 3. Self-esteem fully mediated the relationship between athlete identity and burnout. 4. Interpersonal competence was not a significant moderator in the relationship between athlete identity and burnout. The implications of these findings as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.