浦羅柯菲夫《降B大調第八號鋼琴奏鳴曲，作品八十四》之音樂風格與詮釋探討

Abstract

俄國音樂家浦羅柯菲夫（Sergei Prokofiev, 1891-1953）作為二十世紀新古典音樂之先驅，其作品風格不僅承襲貝多芬的精神與風格，以及作曲家本身獨特且詼諧幽默的性格，使他的音樂在傳統的形式與創新的語法之間激盪出新的火花，同時開創了新世紀的作品風格與走向，對於往後音樂的發展影響之深遠。浦羅柯菲夫作為二十世紀的新古典主義之先驅者，他所創作的音樂融合了傳統與創新的音樂語彙，他遵循著傳統的音樂架構創作，並在作品風格中帶出他獨創的嶄新語法。他的音樂也結合了當時的社會背景，帶出了自身對於史達林政權下的嘲諷與無奈。浦氏於1937年至1944年期間，完成了第六號至第八號三首奏鳴曲，因其音樂的織度與創作的年代相近，而後也被後世的學者統稱為「戰爭奏鳴曲」 (War Sonatas)。邁入晚期創作的浦氏在音樂風格的發展也早已成熟圓潤，無論是在創作手法抑或是風格，皆為而後的鋼琴藝術發展帶來深遠之影響，因此「戰爭奏鳴曲」也被視為其二十世紀中最重要的鍵盤作品之一。浦羅柯菲夫的晚期音樂《降B大調第八號鋼琴奏鳴曲，作品八十四》(Piano Sonata No.8 in B-flat Major, Opus. 84) 不僅涵蓋其一生的作曲手法與風格，承載他不同時期的音樂風格之蛻變，同時也受到當時蘇聯政治背景下所提出的現實主義之影響，其創作不僅啟發後世作曲家的音樂思維與作曲手法，對於新時代的音樂歷史也擁有著劃時代的革新與開創，影響著往後作曲家之創作手法與思想。

As a pioneer of Neoclassicism music, Russian composer Sergei Prokofiev not only significantly influenced the new generation’s music styles but also made an impact on the development of music in the future through his musical styles from Beethoven and his own unique characteristics of music, intriguing different inspirations from traditional forms and novel musical languages. His music was also influenced by the cultural and social background of his time, conveying messages through his music to ridicule Stalin.From 1937 to 1944, Prokofiev composed 3 sonatas which were sonata No. 6, No. 7, and No. 8 respectively. Because the sonatas had similarities in musical structure and styles, in addition, composed in the same period, so as called “War Sonatas” by some scholars. In the late stage of his period, his works were more mature with his compositional style, making a meaningful impact on piano music in the future, and “Wars Sonatas” is also considered to be one of the most imperative keyboard music since then.

Prokofiev’s late work Piano Sonata No. 8 in B-flat major, op. 84 not only showcased the whole periods of his compositional styles but also showed the nuances of music at different times. Influenced by Soviet Socialist Realism, his music inspired future composers’ compositional styles, thoughts, and techniques, which contributed significantly to the revolution of the new era’s musical history.