以同步視訊遠距教學為主軸之跨文化華語口語教學設計

Abstract

在現代科技與語言教學的結合與進步下，遠距教學發展逐漸普及。遠距形式的教學也增進了跨文化交際的可能，本論文主要討論以同步視訊遠距教學形式進行的跨文化華語口語課程。以跨文化交際為主的口語教學應針對不同背景的學生需求進行教學活動設計，本研究對象為以德籍學生為主設計同步視訊遠距形式的跨文化口語教學活動。 本研究採「發展研究法」，綜合理論與現況分析，並且由學生需求分析瞭解適合研究對象的教學內容與方式，進而設計出針對德籍學生為主的同步視訊遠距形式的跨文化口語教學活動。 研究者並蒐集同步遠距離教學在華語教學中的應用情形進行現況整理與分析，透過文獻了解同步遠距離教學的使用者心得。接著進行需求分析問卷收集教學設計需要的資料，針對此次研究對象德籍學生發出問卷調查教學活動需求和跨文化主題喜好，最後整理前導研究對於同步視訊遠距教學時需要注意之難點和教學技巧供教學設計參考。 進行教學活動設計前，研究者綜合文獻與現況整理加以需求分析的結論，以互動教學觀點為基礎，主要以溝通式綜合任務導向教學法。設計範例選取學習者最感興趣之文化主題「飲食文化」做為教學主題，主題的選擇重點也應考量學習者自身的文化背景和喜好作謹慎選擇。教學強調語言功能和溝通技能，給予學習者真實語言與材料內容。為進行跨文化的比較引導學習者反思自身文化，課室活動中以學習者為中心助其建構知識。最後則提出本論文的結論與研究發展的限制，並且針對未來發展方向的做出建議與結語。

Nowadays, long-distance teaching provides prospective Chinese students more learning opportunities. The role of culture and cross-cultural competence in second language learning also play an important part in second language classrooms. The goal of this study is designing a long-distance based teaching of Cross-cultural Chinese oral course for intermediate level students with German language background. Therefore the aim of this study is to emphasize the cross-cultural awareness in Chinese oral performance and provide a long-distance teaching model for German language background students. The research procedure consisted of literature review of long-distance teaching, cross-cultural teaching method and oral teaching methods. Based on the survey of German background students and analyzing the likes and dislikes of cultural topics and needs of conversational activites, the research will develope the basic strategies of cross-cultural oral course design. To conclude the principle of the course design, first, this research will implement communicational method teaching and task-based teaching in the cross-cultural oral course design in order to construct students’ cultural knowledge and communicative competence through student-centered course activities. Secondly, the course teaching model will use comparison of students’ own culture and Chinese cultural in specific topics to enforce cross-cultural awareness and Chinese oral ability.