國中生幽默感對生活壓力與幸福感之調節作用

Abstract

本研究主要目的在探討：1.國中生幽默感現況。2.不同背景變項之國中生在幽默感的差異情形。3.國中生生活壓力與幸福感之間的關係。4.幽默感對生活壓力與幸福感之調節作用。本研究之受試者為台灣北、中、南、東地區之國中生，採分層立意取樣方式選取樣本，並依照各區國中生在全國的比例，決定各區抽樣人數，共抽取九所國中共1374名學生，將所得資料以描述統計、皮爾遜積差相關、多變量變異數分析、多元迴歸分析及階層迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。本研究結果顯示：

一、不同背景變項之差異情形： 1.性別方面：男生之「幽默創造能力」、「社交情境中的幽默能力」高於女生。而在「幽默理解能力」、「幽默因應能力」及「笑的傾向」則未達顯著差異。 2.年級方面：九年級之「對幽默的態度」、「笑的傾向」高於七年級，而不同年級在「幽默理解能力」、「幽默創造能力」、「社交情境中的幽默能力」及「幽默因應能力」則未達顯著差異。

二、生活壓力對幸福感之預測，除「學校生活」對幸福感之預測未達顯著差異外，「未來發展」、「同儕關係」及「家庭生活」對幸福感具負向預測效果，而「兩性交往」對幸福感則具正向預測效果。

三、幽默感對生活壓力、幸福感之調節效果如下： 1.幽默創造能力，有助於抑制學校生活壓力對幸福感的負向效果，高幽默創造能力較低幽默創造能力調節效果佳，且在高學校生活壓力下，幽默創造能力的調節效果佳。 2.社交幽默能力對同儕關係壓力具有負向調節作用。 3.幽默因應能力對兩性交往壓力具有負向調節作用。 4.幽默態度對兩性交往壓力具有負向調節作用。

最後，根據本研究結果加以討論，並提出未來研究及教育輔導之建議，以供未來研究參考。

The purposes of this study were to investigate: (a) the situation of sense of humor of junior high school students. (b) the differences among the different background variables of the junior high school students in sense of humor. (c) the relationship between life stress and happiness. (d) the moderating effect of sense of humor to life stress and happiness for junior high school students in Taiwan. The sample in this study consisted of 1374 students from night junior high schools in Taiwan. In this study, statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis.

The major findings were as followings: 1.Gender among the different background variables was different in humor creation using humor in social context, and the attitude toward humor, but not different in humor comprehension, humor coping , and the tendency of laugh. 2.Grade among the different background variables was different in the attitude toward humor, the tendency of laugh, but not different in humor comprehension, humor creation, using humor in social context, and humor coping. 3.Except for the predictive between school life and happiness, future development, family life, friend relationship had negative predictive on happiness, besides gender association had predictive on happiness. 4.Humor creation may have positive moderating effect in school life, and the moderating effect of high humor creation is better than low humor creation. 5.Using humor in social context may have negative moderating effect in friend relationship. 6.Humor coping may have negative moderating effect in gender association. 7.The tendency of laugh have negative moderating effect in low gender association.

Finally, possible explanations for these findings and implications were discussed. Based on the survey and findings, this study also proposed some relevant suggestions that could be a reference to school counseling and the future researches.