臺灣國小、國中、高中職學校性教育成果調查研究

Abstract

本研究爲教育部於2008年委託進行之橫斷式問卷調查研究，目的在了解全國中小學性教育實施現況與學生學習成果。研究採叢集抽樣方式，分別選取國小畢業學生2449人，國中畢業學生2627人與高中職三年級學生2528人爲樣本，總計7604人。 研究重要發現如下：一、國中及高中職階段學校性教育的課堂教學仍偏重傳統的性病預防教育，對學生高度需求的性、愛、擇偶與婚姻仍然不足，且師生互動顯得薄弱。課外活動則以短時間內可完成的藝文競賽、專題演講爲主。整體而言，國中階段的學校性教育滿意度最低。二、中學生在課程內應習得的性知識方面，表現並不理想。在性態度部分，隨年紀增加，青少年對愛滋病、同性戀等議題的接納度升高，但對婚前性行爲的接受度也提高。各階段學生最有把握成功執行的技能是面對危險情境時的自我保護措施，但「拒絕技巧、自我控制」與「自我保護、尋求協助」技能的執行把握度有隨年級增加而降低的趨勢。三、國小畢業受訪者有2成具備戀愛經驗，到高中職三年級則達五成以上。而國中畢業與高中職三年級學生曾與異性發生婚前性行爲者分別佔5%、10%。且各階段皆有2成左右學生曾與網友建立虛擬夫妻或男女朋友關係。四、當學校性教育課程教得越詳細，教師教學技巧越好，且學生對學校性教育滿意度越高時，學生的性知識越佳，性態度越正向，相關生活技能的表現也越好。最後本研究針對上述發現，對目前學校性教育的實施狀況提出具體建議。

The purpose of this study was to examine the outcomes of school sexuality education in Taiwan. This project on sexuality education was commissioned by the Ministry of Education in 2008. Data used in the analysis were obtained from a cross-sectional survey on the outcomes of sexuality education in the elementary, junior high and senior high schools in Taiwan. By using a stratified cluster sampling method, 2,449 graduates of elementary schools, 2,627 of junior high schools, and 2,258 3(superscript rd) year students of senior high and vocational schools were the subjects.� The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The teaching of sexuality education in the classroom in junior and senior high schools stressed more on traditional disease prevention than the students' needs for sex, love, mate selection and marriage. And the teacher-student interaction was not frequent. In general, sexuality education during junior high school has received the lowest satisfaction. 2. The students' sex knowledge learned in school was not good enough. In terms of sex attitude, the students' acceptance of issues on AIDS and homosexuals as well as that of premarital sexual behavior increase among higher graders. However, the confidence to carry out skills, "refusal and self-control" and "self-protection and seeking for help" decreases among higher graders. 3. More than 24% of elementary graduates had had love experience, and more than half of the 3(superscript rd) year senior and vocational students did, too. In addition, 5% of junior high graduates and 10% senior high and vocational students respectively had premarital sexual behavior, and about 20% of the students at both levels had established romantic relationship on the internet. 4. The more detailed sexuality education was taught in school, better teaching skills the teachers possess, and higher satisfaction with sexuality education the students had, the better sex knowledge, more positive sexual attitude and better performance of related life skills the students will have. Some concrete suggestions on carrying out the current school sexuality education were given in this study according to the above findings.