越南商務華語之發展與華語學習者的需求探討

Abstract

隨著國際貿易往來和發展，各企業的競爭力日益增強，商務需求不斷提升。此外，中國經濟崛起，學習商務華語的重要性也日益更加明顯，但是商務華語教材的數量與品質卻無法滿足華語學習者的需求。本論文的目的旨在探討越南商務華語學習者之需求與發展，並回顧專業華語教學理論、華語教學、及商務華語教學等理論，從中建立起本文的理論架構，並以之為基礎，實地進行需求分析。根據本研究，整合理論與需求分析後發現，越南商務華語學習的最終目的，其在於培養越南華語學習者於商務活動中的語言應用及交際能力。所以越南商務華語的課程規劃、教材編寫、教學方法、師資培訓等面向，都必須圍繞此目標以探討之。 本研究調查發現，越南華語學習者對「商務華語」有強烈需求，對課程的目標、以及教材內容之「真實性」亦予以高度期待。但是越南商務華語之現況與學習者的期待之間仍存在極大落差。現有越南商務華語課程、教材的設計與編寫並未符合越南學習者的實際需求，沒有針對性。商務華語師資缺乏以極其程度偏低，這些華語教師諸多具有語言知識的背景，對商務專業內容並非了解。越南華語學習者認為除了學校所開設的商務華語課程，仍自己需要加強商務華語的相關知識。此外，越南商務華語課程尚未重視培養學生處理跨文化中的衝突與障礙的技能。越南華語發展的主要動力是中越關係以及越南與台灣之間的經濟交流。因此，只有不斷改善，與持續發展，才能使華語學習更上一層樓。筆者亦於文末根據需求分析，並將研究所得提出的內容，提供後續相關越南商務華語發展研究者之參考。

As the rising of international trade, the competitiveness of every enterprise has gradually become stonger and the commercial demand has raised constantly as well. Moreover, due to the enmergence of the Chinese economy, the importance of learning Business Chinese has become increasingly evident. However, the quantity of teaching marterial for Business Chinese was insufficient for Chinese learner. Thus. the purposes of this thesis were to research the demands of the Vietnamese Business Chinese learners, to review the Professional Chinese Teaching Theory、Chinese Teaching, and the Business Chinese Teaching Theory, in order to establish the theory structure of this thesis. The result shows that the ultimate goal for Vietnamese Business Chinese learning is to develop the learners’ social ability and linguistic application in the commerical activities. It explains why business Chinese in Vietnam, including course planning, producing teaching material, selecting teaching method, and teacher education must follow the goal. It is found that the demand of Business Chinese for Chinese learners in Vietnam is pretty strong. Meanwhile, they also have high expectations toward the purposes of teaching course and the “authenticity” of teaching material. Nonetheless, there is a huge gap between the reality and the learner’s expectation. In the present course, material design and production are not based on the learners’ demand. Also, the lack of teachers’ proficiency in Business Chinese is also an issue, because most of them are not from business background. Therefore, the learners in Vietnam have found that, except for the Chinese course in the school. It is still necessary to increase their knowledge in Business Chinese. Moreover, the Vietnam Business Chinese course has not stressed on the skill to manage the cross cultural conflict. The main motivation of Chinese learning’s development in Vietnam is to reinforce the interaction between Taiwan and Vietnam as well as Mainland China and Vietnam. Hence, in order to enhance the Chinese Learning, constantly improvment and continuously development are compulsory. Finally, the analysis of demand is proposed in the last part of this thesis, so that the following researchers may take it for reference.