國中健康教育教師教學及其相關因素研究

Abstract

本研究旨在了解國中健康教育課程實施 情形,並探討其中之師資能力背景,學校教學環 境與教師教學困難等因素之相互關係。研究對 象為台灣地區現任之所有健康教育教師共 1,791人,實施郵寄問卷調查,有效問卷為1,572 人,回收率為 87.7%。其主要結果如下: 1.現任國中健康教育科師資問題仍很嚴 重。登記合格之本科師資僅佔48.1%;非大學及 研究所畢業者佔41.8%;主要是配課的老師,教 一班者最多佔21.6%,四班及以下者合計63.1%; 五年內曾接受在職進修或短期研習人數偏低, 分別為17.6%及28.1%。 2.健康教育教師在健康教育專業上的知 識與技術,普遍呈現能力不足的現象。教師仍 使用以教師為中心之教學法,現代化視聽教具 媒體從未使用頻率偏高,評量方式仍以傳統紙 筆測驗及觀察為主。 3.師資能力背景因素中,「合格」之健教 老師在教師專業知能因素中之「教材適應性」 、「教法運用能力」、「教具及媒體使用能力 」三項能力上,均優於「不合格」之健教老師, 同時授健教課時數8小時以上者,在以上三項能 力均優於授課8小時及以下者。 4.學校教學環境因素中之「學校組織結 構」愈呈「科層化體制」、「行政措施」愈能配 合健康教育課程之實施,「家長、教師與學生 主動情形」愈多,則其「教師專業知能」愈強, 同時其「教師工作滿意度」亦較高。 5.健康教育教師之「專業知能」與其自 覺「工作滿意度」呈正相關。 6.國中健康教育教師之「專業知能」受 「學校教學環境」、「教師工作滿意程度」、 「是否進行在職進修」、「是否為合格健教老 師」及「任教總年資」等因素共同影響,且共 同解釋力達22.5%。

The major purposes of this study are to understand the practice of health education curriculum among junior high schools. and to find out teaching obstacles which may be related to teachers' professional competences. There are 1971 junior high school teachers who are teaching the course of "Health Education". They were investigated by answering questionnaire during the winter of 1976. Four parts are included in the questionnaire: 1. teacher's competence, 2. teaching obstacles, 3. teachers' satisfaction about work, 4. the school teaching environment. Finally, 1572 questionnaires were completed and analyzed. The major conclusions were made as follows: 1. More unqualified health education teachers than qualified. 2. Health education teachers' "professional knowledge and ability" are low. 3. Qualified health education teachers got higher scores than unqualified teachers in the following variables: "adaptation to teaching materials", "mastering of teaching skills", and "the ability in using audiovisual equipment". Meanwhile, those who teach health education course more than 8 hours are significantly better than those who teach the course 8 hours and less. 4. "School teaching environment" is significantly correlated with"teachers' professional knowledge and ability" and "teachers' satisfaction about work". 5. Health education teachers' "professional knowledge and ability" is positively correlated with "teachers' satisfaction about work". 6. Health education teachers' "professional knowledge and ability" is influenced by following factors: "school teaching environment", "teachers' satisfaction about work", "in-service training or not", "qualified or not","teaching experience".