法律華語教材設計與研究

Abstract

隨著各國政府對華語文的重視，國際華語教學的市場也日漸擴大。目前在坊間的華語文教材以一般華語為主，在專業華語方面以商業華語及新聞華語為大宗，而法律華語教材則付之闕如，然從事任何一種行業甚或生活上均離不開法律議題，因此本研究試圖從法律專業及語文教學中尋求法律華語教材的可行途徑，作為未來編寫法律華語相關教材之範本。 本研究以「發展研究法」為主要研究方法，研究過程中兼採「內容分析法」、「行動研究法」及「調查法」。本論文分四個階段進行：首先，在發展設計的前導階段，確立教學觀、教學目標，設定學習者程度，設計問卷進行需求分析並蒐集法律裁判文書進行法律語言風格特色分析；其次，在發展設計的進行階段，根據分析之結果，進行法律華語教材之相關單元內容及教學方法、活動之設計；在第三階段發展設計的製作階段，根據本研究導出的法律華語教材編寫準則－目標性、針對性、科學性、文化性、實用性、真實性、趣味性，設計一課法律華語教材的示範教材，呈現本研究之教材設計成果；最後在教材評估階段進行教學實施，落實在實際的教學應用上。 根據本研究的研究成果所獲得之教材，以及在實際教學上所獲得的良好教學效果，本研究認為未來應加強法律華語教材發展設計，以提升台灣法律華語教材之整體教學效果，進而提升台灣於國際華語教學市場的競爭力。With various countries paying attention to the Chinese language, the market of international Chinese teaching is still expanding day by day. Most Chinese teaching materials in the market are using General Chinese to teach at present. It is mainly limited to commercial Chinese and mass media Chinese in CSP, but there is nothing about legal Chinese teaching materials. However, nobody could go on his or her life without using the legal topics when he or she is engaged in any kind of trade, and even in life. Therefore, this research attempts to seek the feasible way of legal Chinese teaching materials from the legal speciality and Chinese teaching, but also try to build a model of relevant legal Chinese teaching materials in the future. According to ‘development research’, this research is divided into four stages to process: First of all, at the leading stage, there is a need to establish a teaching view, a teaching goal, to set up learners’ level, to design the questionnaire and analyse learners’ needs, and to collect some legal judgement documents to analyse the styles and characteristics of the legal language. Secondly, at the carrying-on stage, according to the results of prior analysis, we try to design several relevant units, teaching methods and activities of legal Chinese teaching materials. At the third stage, according to the criterion of legal Chinese teaching material that this research leads out - Goal, pertinence, science, culture, practicability, authenticity, interest, we try to design a demonstration of teaching materials, and to reveal the achievement of this research. At final stage, we discuss how to teach with the similar materials. In view of the above – mentioned results in this research, it shows that we should strengthen the development of legal Chinese teaching material in the future, in order to raise the whole teaching result of legal Chinese teaching material in Taiwan, and then to raise Taiwan’s international competitiveness in Chinese teaching market of the world.