針對曾於中國大陸學習普通話之來臺外籍學生的兩岸華語銜接課程設計

Abstract

本文旨在構想一門兩岸華語銜接課程，期望對於先於中國大陸生活之後再前來臺灣生活的外籍人士們，提供一些適應協助，以盡快融入當地生活。因此本文除了依據語音、詞彙、語法、語用、文字以及教學方法等層面進行兩岸華語差異之研究回顧之外，另以問卷調查及訪談兩種方式進行相關背景人士的需求分析，而後結合二者以提供教學內容。根據需求分析的結果，本文決定將臺灣華語的發音、用詞、正體字(繁 體字)、語用和語氣詞五個方面當作本課程的焦點，而將語法、注音符號、「非正規」的臺灣腔等其他方面當作輔助教學內容。另外，本文參考兩岸 出版的詞典及臺灣的口語語料庫以進一步篩選教學內容，確定最為值得教 的文字、語音和詞彙差異。接著，本文根據學生的目標設定一種混合型教 學法，採聽說教學法為主，情境式教學法為輔，期望以有效的組合方式提 供更好且多元的教學。最後，本文執行試教並收集學生的反饋，以得到提 升教學效果的方法。This paper aims to conceive a cross-strait Mandarin bridging course to provide some adaptation assistance to foreigners who came to Taiwan after living in mainland China so that they can integrate into local life as soon as possible. Therefore, in addition to reviewing the differences between Mandarin Chinese across the Taiwan Strait in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, pragmatics, characters, and teaching methods, this paper also analyzed the needs of students with relevant backgrounds through a questionnaire survey as well as an interview and then combined the findings to provide teaching content for the bridging course.Based on the need analysis results, this paper decided to focus on the pronunciation, vocabulary, traditional characters, pragmatics, and exclamative particles of Taiwanese Mandarin. At the same time, other aspects, such as grammar, Zhuyin, and “non-standard” Taiwanese accent were considered supplementary teaching content. In addition, this paper references the dictionaries published in mainland China and Taiwan as well as a Taiwanese speech corpus to fine-tune the teaching content further and identify the most worthwhile differences in characters, pronunciation, and vocabulary. Next, a hybrid teaching method was developed based on the students' goals, with the audio-lingual approach as the primary method and situated learning as a supplement to provide better and more diversified teaching in a compelling combination. Finally, this paper conducted a series of trial classes and collected student feedback to find ways to improve teaching effectiveness.