真實語料應用於法律華語教材編寫與教學設計

Abstract

法律華語為專業華語的分支之一，教學上注重專業知識技能及語言能力的提升。 然而，法律作為人類當今社會生活行為的抽象化規範，既看不清也摸不著。在教 學上多須依賴教師引用真實且具體的案例來幫助學生理解法律概念。真實案例多 援引自新聞報導、影視媒體等真實語料。然而，真實語料與人工課本一樣僅作為 教材的選擇之一，有其優點及一定的挑戰性。目前在學術界內，有關真實語料的 研究雖不多，但有其研究價值。本研究將了解使用真實語料的好處與限制，根據 真實語料的選用及應用原則，將真實語料實際應用於法律華語教材編寫與教學設 計中。由於真實語料種類多元，本研究僅選取「租賃契約書」、「報刊新聞(社 會版)」以及「電視劇」等三種真實語料作為教材設計的文本，依此各設計出一 課課文。隨後研究者選取以新聞報導為教學材料的課文進行教學示範，並藉由課 堂活動來了解學習者的學習成效，並於課後實施教學滿意度問卷以檢驗教學成效。 結果顯示，無論是從課堂活動或是問卷結果來看，學習者的能力表現及對於真實 語料應用在法律華語課室教學中均呈現正向肯定的結果。Chinese for Specific Purpose (CSP) is an approach to language teaching focusing on both language skills and specialist subjects and the course is designed to meet learners’ particular needs. Legal Chinese has been defined to be a sub-branch of Chinese for Specific Purposes (CSP). However, law has been considered abstract, abstruse and hard to understand. Using case derived from authentic materials applied in real-world settings, such as news report, contract, soap opera, films etc. will ultimately promote learners to understand abstract law concepts. Yet, authentic materials with its authenticity were not created for language learning purposes, but for real-world purposes, might be difficult to level thus must be selected carefully. In addition, authentic materials include wide range of different genres that learners might unfamiliar with. As the teaching method can vary across genres, hence, this study will discuss how to teach different genres of text. What the principles are that will provide maximum use of authentic materials to learners and for course goal. In this study, I will mainly focus on three types of authentic materials- contract, news report, soap opera and films. I will explain its key characteristics, and provide applied principles according to different types of text. Later on, I will provide three chapters of Legal Chinese and will pick one lesson to do pilot teaching to show how authentic materials are utilized in classroom teaching. Also, I will do satisfaction questionnaire after class. As the result shows, using authentic materials in class could make a significant improvement on students and as for the evaluation shows all of the students hold positive attitudes toward the evaluation.