競技體操大專男子一般組競賽成績及動作完成情形之研究-以103全大運為例

Abstract

目的：旨在探討103年全大運男子競技體操一般組第I、II、III競賽成績及第I、III競賽五項目規定動作完成情形進行探討。方法：以描述統計法對第I、II、III競賽成績起評分與實施扣分來進行統計與分析，並透過影片觀察於第I、III競賽五項目規定動作達成率、難度動作與加分動作依次討論。針對競賽成績及五個項目規定動作所得結論如下：一、第I競賽因各參賽隊伍實力落差極大的現況下，高起評分為獲得此競賽佳績的重要關鍵，相對來說低實施扣分顯得不是那麼關鍵。二、第II競賽因各參賽選手實力接近的現況下，低實施扣分為獲得此競賽佳績的重要關鍵。三、第III競賽因地板與吊環項目各參賽選手實力接近的現況下，高起評分與低實施扣分皆為獲得此競賽佳績的重要關鍵；第III競賽鞍馬、跳馬、雙槓與單槓項目因各參賽選手實力接近的現況下，低實施扣分為獲得此競賽佳績的重要關鍵。四、第I競賽五個項目動作完成情形，地板項目為該競賽發展最好的項目，除了具備基本難度動作外，關鍵在於針對加分動作進行突破，以提升進入決賽之機會；鞍馬項目在達成率與難度動作實施率發展平穩的現況下，可逐漸朝向加分動作進行發展；吊環、雙槓與單槓此三個項目規定動作達成率與難度動作實施率偏低，初期能以達到7個動作數量為主要目標進行發展。五、第III競賽五個項目動作完成情形，地板項目達成率與難度動作實施率皆達90%以上，因此，若要在此項目獲得佳績，除了具備所有難度動作外，亦須針對加分動作進行突破，較能提升獲得佳績之機會；鞍馬、吊環、雙槓與單槓項目在達成率與難度動作實施率發展平穩的現況下，可逐漸朝向加分動作進行發展。Purpose: to analyze the final score gymnast got in team final competition, all-around competition and apparatus finals competition, and also their exercise presentation of compulsory routines on five events in team final competition and apparatus finals competition in Men’s Second Division of Collegiate Artistic Gymnastics in National Intercollegiate Athletic Games 2014 (2014 NIAG). Method: to analyze the D-score and the E-score in team final, all-around and apparatus finals with descriptive statistics; and to analyze the percentage of meeting the requirements of compulsory routines and the frequency of skills in different difficulty level on five events by record review observation, separately in order. According to the analysis of the final scores and compulsory routines on five events, the conclusions are as follow: 1.The key factor of getting high score in team final competition is the high D-score while the low E-score is not so critical, in a situation that there is great disparity among the teams nowadays. 2. The key factor of getting high score in all-around competition is the low E-score, as the gymnasts are well-matched in strength. 3. In apparatus finals competition, gymnasts competed in Floor Exercise and Rings events are well-matched, so the critical factors of getting high score are both the high D-score and the low E-score; as to Pommel Horse, Vault, Parallel Bars and Horizontal Bar, the key to get high score is the low E-score, in a situation that gymnasts are well-matched. 4. Of all gymnasts’ exercise presentation on five events in team final, the presentation on Floor Exercise is the best, if gymnasts progress their advanced level skills besides the basic ones, they may have better chance to advance to apparatus finals. As gymnasts are getting more and more skilled on compulsory routines of Pommel Horse, gymnasts can put more attention on the advanced level skills during the training time. As to Rings, Parallel Bars and Horizontal Bar, most of the gymnasts can not meet requirements of the compulsory routine on these three events, so gymnasts’top goal is to compose 7 gymnastic skills in their routines. 5. In terms of gymnasts’ exercise presentation on five events in apparatus finals competition, over 90% of the gymnasts competed in Floor Exercise event met the requirements of the compulsory routine, so if gymnasts progress their advanced level skills besides the basic ones, they will have better chance to get high score. As to Pommel Horse, Rings, Parallel Bars and Horizontal Bar, gymnasts can put more attention on the advanced level skills during the training time, as more and more gymnasts can meet the requirements of the compulsory routine.