浦朗克《十五首鋼琴即興曲》詮釋報告

Abstract

在巴黎土生土長的浦朗克(Francis Poulenc, 1899-1963)，出生於1899年，音樂的啟蒙老師為母親，早期受到蕭邦(Frederic Chopin, 1810-1849)、德布西(Claude Debussy, 1862-1918)、拉威爾(Maurice Ravel, 1875-1937)等作品的薰陶，之後追隨鋼琴家維涅斯(Ricardo Viñes, 1875-1943)學習，承襲其彈奏風格，發展獨特的鋼琴踏瓣技巧與多樣的音色變化。爾後認識了薩悌(Erik Satie, 1866-1925)、歐立克(George Auric, 1899-1983)等音樂家，開始創作具有新古典主義((Neoclassicism)色彩的音樂，並成為著名「法國六人組」(Les Six)中的一員。 《十五首鋼琴即興曲》創作於1932-1959年間，為浦朗克投注了近三十年的心血，可見其對此作品的重視。作品中呈顯獨特巧思與迷人的和聲特色，被視為浦朗克重要的代表作品之一。 本論文將分為五章十五節，以《十五首鋼琴即興曲》為研究主軸，依序探討法國音樂之發展、作曲家的創作特色與音樂風格發展，之後聚焦於《十五首鋼琴即興曲》，就樂曲作結構分析，並依照個人經驗，分別以「音色與觸鍵」、「速度與節奏」、「運音與踏瓣」、「指法與技巧」等四方向說明彈奏要領與詮釋。Francis Poulenc (1899-1963) was born and bred in Paris in 1899. Musical enlightenment teacher is his mother. Early on, he was inspired by Frederic Chopin (1810-1849), Claude Debussy (1862-1918), and Maurice Ravel (1875-1937). After that, he followed the pianist, Ricardo Viñes, (1875-1943) to learn the style of his playing, developing uniquepiano pedal techniques and a variety of timbre changes. Later, he met musicians such as Erik Satie (1866-1925) and George Auric (1899-1983) and began to create music with Neoclassicism. He also became a member of the famous "Les Six". The "Quinze Improvisations pour Piano" were created from 1932 to 1959. Poulenc spent for nearly thirty years on these works because of their importance. Due to the unique ingenuity and fascinating harmony, these works are regarded as the most important masterpieces of Poulenc. This thesis has included five chapters with fifteenth sections to analyze "Quinze Improvisations pour Piano". The developments of French music, the composer's creative characteristic and music style have been sequentially discussed. Afterward, the thesis has focused on the "Quinze Improvisations pour Piano" to analyze the structure of the music. Finally, according to personal experience, I explain the essentials and interpretations in four directions included tone color and touch, speed and rhythm, sound and pedal, and finger and skill, respectively.