噪音組成成份對工作表現與非聽覺性效應之影響研究

Abstract

為比較暴露於不同噪音組成成份對心向系統與作業表現之影響，本研究選取珠算 能力檢定第三級及格之某高職女學生共42名為對象，以低噪音、工業噪音、航空噪音、 交通噪音、白色噪音等五類暴露源，進行實驗。於實驗前、後測定心跳、血壓值；作業則 採用第四級珠算 檢定之模擬試題。所得主要結果如下： 1.在任何一種音源的暴露或在有工作需求時，大致都會引起心跳數、收縮壓的顯著增加。 但舒張壓則無明顯變化，唯在外控者的改變情形顯著高內控者，表示外控者較易受實 驗影響。 2.作業表現方面，依作業性質與噪音種類不同而有所差異。心算成績在暴露於工業噪音時 及乘法成績在暴露於白色噪音時表現較差。此結果值得進一步進行研究以探討其真正原 因。

The main purpose of this study were to examine and compare the heart rate, blood pressure and task performance of 42 senior vocational high school students exposed to different noises (including white noise, traffic noise, air noise and industrial noise), and to determine if task demand and locus of control were significant factors. The main findings were as follows: 1.After being exposed to noises, the subjects heart rate and systolic pressure were significantly higher, but there were no significantly diffence between being exposed to four kinds of noises. 2.The change value of diastolic pressure for the subjects with external control were significantly higher than the subjects with internal control. 3.The industrial noise and white noise had inhibitory effects on mental and abacus calculation tasks, respectively, It meant the effect of noise on task performance depended on the attribution of tasks and the kinds of noises.