國民中學校長衝突管理與學校效能關係之研究─以桃園縣為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討國民中學校長運用衝突管理策略的實際情形，並分析其與學校效能間之關係，進而提出可行性的建議，以供教育行政機關及國中校長辦學之參考。主要研究方法係採問卷調查法，在先行文獻探討獲得立論基礎後據以設計問卷，以桃園縣市公立國民中學教師為對象，依學校規模及所在地區分層隨機取樣，抽取59所國中，共524 位受試者進行問卷調查量測，並對回收問卷予以分類與編碼，運用單因子多變量變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析，獲致以下五點重要結論： 一、桃園縣國民中學教師對校長整體衝突管理知覺為中上程度，其中以對「合作策略」的衝突管理知覺程度最高，其次是「妥協策略」、「逃避策略」及「抗爭策略」，而「順應策略」最低，為中下程度。 二、桃園縣國民中學教師對整體學校效能知覺為中上程度，其中以對「學校公關」效能的知覺程度最高，其次是「教師表現」、「行政領導」及「環境設備」，而「學生表現」則最低。 三、桃園縣國民中學教師對校長衝突管理的知覺程度，會因其性別、職務及所處學校規模、學校所在地區等背景之不同，而存有明顯差異。 四、桃園縣國民中學教師對學校效能知覺程度，會因其性別、年齡、教育程度、職務，及所處學校規模、所在學校地區等背景之不同，而有明顯差異。 五、桃園縣國民中學校長衝突管理與學校效能具有中度正相關，而在衝突管理中以「合作策略」對學校效能最具預測力，其次為「逃避策略」。 最後，依據本研究結果，分別對國中校長、教育行政機關及後續研究等提出建議如下： 一、對國中校長的建議 （一）加強各種溝通協調、建立良好公共關係。 （二）善用衝突管理策略、權變處理衝突問題。 （三）加強校長專業知能、強化行政領導實務。 二、對教育行政機關的建議 （一）落實學校評鑑制度、建立學校效能規準。 （二）實施學校總量管制、合理調整學校規模。 （三）建立校長辦學檔案、促進校際策略聯盟。This study analyzes between the principals’ conflict management tactics the relationship and the school effectiveness. Furthermore, try to propose some useful suggestions for the education administration authorities and junior high school principals. We survey the teachers of junior high schools in Taoyuan County by stratified random sampling according to the school size and location. The valid data in 524 questionnaires from 59 schools are analyzed with One Way Multivariate Analysis of Variance, Pearson Correlation, and Stepwise Regression. The major conclusions of this study are as follows: 1.The junior high school teachers in Taoyuan have significant recognition of “principals’ conflict management tactics”. 2.The junior high school teachers in Taoyuan have significant recognition of “school effectiveness ”. 3.The teachers differ significantly in their recognition of “principals’ conflict management tactics ” with teachers’ and principals’ backgrounds as well as school district. 4.The teachers don’t differ significantly in the recognition of “school effectiveness ”, regardless of teachers’ and principals’ backgrounds or school district. 5.In Taoyuan, junior high school principals’ conflict management tactics are related to school effectiveness. Based on the above conclusions, we propose the following suggestions to the education administration authorities and junior high school principals for their reference. 1. Suggestions to Junior High School principals: (1)Enhancing supporting systems for teachers: Principals should make good use of every opportunity to have direct communication with teachers, especially those who are inexperienced or not involved in school administration. (2)Making use of tactics of cooperation and negotiation to deal with conflicts: Principals should settle the conflicts harmoniously by both competitive and cooperative methods of management skillfully. (3)Advancing studies to boost knowledge and competence in administration: Principals should improve their competence and knowledge at the same time, so as to create an open and harmonious environment that is good for communication.