高中生之生涯發展準備度、學校幸福感與生涯自我效能之相關研究

Abstract

本研究目的在探討不同背景變項之高中生在生涯發展準備度、學校幸福感與生涯自我效能間的差異與關係。研究過程採用分層隨機抽樣方法，共抽取新竹地區5所公立普通高中及綜合高中之高一、高二男女學生，有效樣本共805人。研究工具包括「生涯發展準備度量表」、「學校幸福感量表」及「生涯決定自我效能預期量表」。所得資料以描述統計、單因子多變項變異數分析、典型相關分析與多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行處理。研究結果如下：

一、高中生整體生涯發展準備度，在性別、年級、學校類型、就讀類組等背景變項上有統計上的顯著差異。 二、高中生整體學校幸福感，在性別、學校類型、就讀類組等背景變項上有統計上的顯著差異，而在年級變項上並無統計上的顯著差異。 三、高中生整體生涯自我效能，在性別、年級、就讀類組等背景變項上有統計上的顯著差異，而在學校類型變項上並無統計上的顯著差異 四、生涯發展準備度與學校幸福感間有二組典型相關因素存在，且達統計上的顯著意義。 五、生涯發展準備度與生涯自我效能間有二組典型相關因素存在，且達統計上的 顯著意義。 六、學校幸福感與生涯自我效能間有二組典型相關因素存在，且達統計上的顯著意義。 七、生涯發展準備度與學校幸福感對整體生涯自我效能有顯著預測力，其中以生涯抱負層面對整體生涯自我效能之預測力最高。 最後，研究者依據本研究結果加以討論，並提出具體建議以做為高中生生涯輔導工作及未來研究之參考。

The purpose of the study was to explore the differences and relations among career development readiness, school well-being and career self-efficacy of high-school students in terms of their different backgrounds. We also examined the predictability of career development readiness and school well-being to career self-efficacy for high-school students. Participants were 905 high-school students (400 males and 405 females) from five high schools in Hsinchu. The instruments applied were Career Self-concept Scale, ,School Well-being Scale and Career Self-efficacy Scale. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way MANOVA, canonical correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1.The career development readiness of high-school students varied significantly in terms of gender, grade, school type and major subjects. 2.The school well-being of high-school students varied significantly in terms of gender, school type and major subjects., but not the grade. 3.The career self-efficacy of high-school students varied significantly in terms of gender, grade and major subjects, but not the school type. 4.The canonical correlation between career development readiness and school well-being was significant. 5.The canonical correlation between career development readiness and career self-efficacy was significance. 6.The canonical correlation between school well-being and career self-efficacy was significance. 7.The predictabilities of career development readiness and school well-being on career self-efficacy were significant. Among which the career ambition is the most predictable. Based on the results, suggestions for career guidance and future researches were discussed and proposed.