非營利組織志工服務與學習之研究

Abstract

非營利組織志工服務與學習之研究--以佛教慈濟功德會志工為例 趨勢專家認為，二十一世紀將是志願服務的世紀，國內由於實施週休二日及國人退休年齡的提早，志工運動蓬勃發展，但如何有效推動，成為大家關注的議題，擁有四百多萬會員的佛教慈濟功德會，是推展志工志業非常成功的團體，期能解析其推動的情形與現況，進而探索其深層的相關問題。研究主要目的如下： 一、瞭解慈濟功德會特有的組織、文化和精神內涵。 二、探討慈濟功德會志工從事服務工作的情形。 三、探究慈濟功德會志工學習與成長的狀況。 四、根據研究結果，作為非營利組織推動志工服務與學習之參考。 為達上述研究目的，本研究擬以質性研究取向，希望藉深度訪談的方法，深入瞭解慈濟功德會的組織文化，志工服務與學習的動機、類別、方式、內容、經驗與心得，以提出具體建議，供志願服務者及相關非營利組織參考，並作為未來宣揚志工服務理念，推展志工活動之依據。 本研究得到的結論有以下六項： 一、參與動機是志工服務與學習的原動力。 二、組織文化是志工服務與學習成敗的基石。 三、健全組織是志工服務與學習發展的利器。 四、服務工作是志工實現理想最佳的舞台。 五、學習訓練是志工有效服務最有力的保證。 六、成長改變是志工生涯發展最完美的註解。 最後，研究者結合文獻資料，受訪者的看法與意見，研究分析與討論，研究者的研究結論等內容論述，針對慈濟功德會、其他非營利組織及後續研究者分別提出相關參考建議。

關鍵詞：非營利組織、志願服務、志工、服務學習The tendency experts believe that the 21st century will be the volunteer service century. Because of the implementation of two-day-off-per-week and people retire younger in average age, the volunteer service movement grows vigorously in Taiwan. However, how to promote the movement effectively is the most important concerned issue. The Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation with more than 4 million members is the most successful group to do this job. This research aimed to analyze the present situation of the movement and how they worked, and to explore the deep and related questions. The main purposes of this study were as follows: 1. to understand the unique connotation of organization, culture and spirit of the Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation. 2. to discuss how the volunteers engaged in the service work in Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation. 3. to inquire into the learning and growth of Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation volunteers. 4. to be the references of nonprofit organizations actuating the Volunteer service and learning according to the findings of this research. In order to reach the goals above, this study affiliated the deep interview to the volunteers to understand thoroughly the organization culture, and the motive, category, content, form and experiences of volunteers’ service and learning in Tzu Chi Foundation by qualitative approach. Finally, this study submitted the concrete proposals as basis to publicize the volunteer service idea in the future and promote the activities for nonprofit organizations. This research obtained six conclusions as follows: 1. The participation motive was the driving force for volunteers’ service and learning. 2. The organization culture was the basic factor of success or failure for volunteers’ service and learning. 3. The perfect organization was the best advantage for the development of volunteers' service and learning. 4. The service work is the best stage for volunteers to achieve the their aim of life. 5. The training is the most powerful guarantee for volunteers’ effective services. 6. The volunteers’ growth was the most perfect illustration in their career. Finally, the researcher integrated the literature materials, participant's views , the opinions, the research analyzes, discusses and conclusions to reveal the correlation references and proposals separately for the Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation, other nonprofit organizations and the follow-up researchers. Key words：Nonprofit Organizations、Volunteer service、Volunteer、service and learning