臺灣UBA甲一級籃球教練文化之探討

Abstract

「籃球」是台灣最熱門的運動項目之一，也成為運動文化領域極關心的課題。本研究目的在於瞭解台灣熱門的籃球運動，所形成的「UBA教練文化」做一番探討。試著回答以下三個問題：大學教練的特殊文化其形塑背景為何？主要內容及影響又是甚麼？運動教練對於選手以及團隊的塑造，確實有極大的影響，教練的帶兵哲學、訓練方式，成就一個選手和一個團隊所呈現出來的風格及文化，所以不同的教練調教出不的球風和球隊形象，那台灣UBA各大專院校的籃球教練文化又是為何？本研究正是朝此方向進行探討及研究。 本研究的主要方法為「深度訪談」，輔以「田野調查」的方法，來進行研究。共訪談六名教練，背景分別代表「國立綜合大學」、「私立綜合大學」、「師範大學」等不同條件，以符合多元性的考量，且能充份的反應台灣大學教練各層面的現況。 研究結果歸納出五個主要課題，分別是證照、升等、招生、球風和家庭等五個議題。所有教練唯一的共同點就是球風，都以快速為主，應該是為了因應在國際賽事中身高不足的需求而延伸出的現象。其他課題例如教練證照部份，對於現行制度，每個教練的看法都有所不同，包括升等及評選方式，由於籃球出身背景不同，所以見解大不相同。 各學校間的招生制度來說，基本上沒有什麼大問題，只是針對惡性挖角的部份，大專體總應該要正視，並且提出配套措施，例如懲處的辦法，才能有效根治或解決歪風。最後是在各教練的家庭狀況上，透過訪談可以得知，家人對於教練們的支持，可以讓教練本身更無後顧之憂的進行籃球工作，所以家庭的支持，確實給了教練們在這份工作上很大的動力。 Basketball as one of the most popular sports in Taiwan, it related issues arouse great amount of discussion in the field of sport culture. The study aims to offer an insight on a particular feature within – the UBA coaching cultures. The research questions are as follows: What background has cultivated the unique culture of university coaches? What are the major content and influences? Coaches have dramatic influences over players as well as the whole team, thus with different coaching philosophies and training styles, would then lead to unique styles and cultures of the team and individuals. This study thus focuses on what might attribute the differences among coaching styles. The study applied in depth interviews and fieldwork. To reflect the integrity of coaching culture and to suffice the concern of diversity, six interviewees are selected from various backgrounds, including public comprehensive universities, private comprehensive universities and normal university. This study concluded with five main issues that coaches deal with: certificate, promotion system, player recruiting, coaching style and family. The emphasis on speed in coaching style serves as the only feature in common. This playing style is largely due to the disadvantage of heights when Taiwanese player compete at international games. On the issues of certificates and promotion system, with various backgrounds and routes to become coaches, each expresses different opinions upon these questions. As for the question on player recruiting, some coaches suggest CTUSF should enforce sanctions over those university teams that malevolently recruit players from opponent teams. The final crucial element in coaching is the backup of family support; this provides them with great motivation in carrying on educating players.