探討青少年搭機車戴安全帽之行為意向--計劃行為理論之應用

Abstract

立法雖然可以提高青少年搭機車戴安全帽的比率，但是這並不表示他們都已建立 了搭機車戴安全帽之行為，而大部分只是為了避免被取締或罰款而已，所以探討青少年搭機 車戴安全帽之行為意向，將有助於促使他們真正的從內心開始做起，主動暨正確地戴起安全 帽。因此，本研究之目的就在於應用計劃行為理論來探討此行為意向之影響因素，以提供未 來教育、交通與警政單位，以及學校、家庭與社區在建立青少年搭機車戴安全帽行為上之參 考與依據。結果發現此理論各主要成分可以有效地預測青少年搭機車戴安全帽之行為意向， 並且其申以態度的影響力為最大，其次為行為控制信念，最後才是主觀規範。同時，也發現 在關係比較密切的正面態度中，以減少生命之損失為最重要的結果信念，而在關係比較密切 的促進行為控制信念中，則以聽到朋友發生車禍為最顯眼的安全性之控制信念。至於主觀規 範的影響方式與前兩者有所不同，對此行為意向具有負面的效果，其中以父母與家人為最直 接的規範信念對象。

The law can raise the rate of motorcycle helmet uses in the adolescent passengers; however, it doesn't imply that they have built the behavior in wearing motorcycle helmets, but it does indicate that most of them only want to escape fines from the police. Therefore, we study their behavioral intention to wear motorcycle helmets in order to help encourage them to wear automatically and correctly. The purpose of this study is to employ the theory of planned behavior to explore the influences of the behavioral intention to wear motorcycle helmets in the adolescent passengers in order to provide the important and available information for the institutions of education, transportation, and police, as well as schools, families, and communities to establish their behaviors in helmet uses. It was found that an application of this theory was successful in predicting the behavioral intention to wear motorcycle helmets in the adolescent passengers. Their attitude to this behavior was the most significant predictor of this behavioral intention, and the next was the perceived behavioral control to this behavior. The subjective norm to this behavior was also an influential predictor, but it was negatively associated with this behavioral intention. Again, reducing the damage of life, parent and families, and hearing the accidents of their friends were the most representative three items in these outcome beliefs, norm beliefs, and control beliefs, respectively.