以唐詩輔助粵語母語者之普通話正音研究

Abstract

本論文主題為「以唐詩輔助粵語母語者之普通話正音研究」，旨在歸納粵語母語者的普通話發音難點，並據之比對《唐詩三百首》的語音成分，選出適合粵語母語者作為普通話正音訓練的唐詩篇目，而後設計正音訓練實驗，以此驗證正音成效。本研究針對《唐詩三百首》的語音分析，是以齊言詩為範疇，包括五言絕句29首、七言絕句51首、五言律詩80首，及七言律詩53首，共計213首詩篇。

本研究分為六章，首三章是正音材料的篩選分析，說明本研究的背景與目的，彙整學者所提出粵語母語者的普通話發音難點，分析朗讀對於訓練發音的各種好處，並介紹目前利用詩詞來做朗讀訓練華語語音的現況。根據以上背景資料的蒐集，隨之規劃本研究兩大方面的執行細節，一方面是分析《唐詩三百首》的語音成分，另一方面是以所選唐詩設計正音教學實驗，包括研製正音訓練的前測、後測語料。

後三章是正音實驗的成果分析，包括唐詩選篇的結果討論，以及通過唐詩正音教學實驗所蒐集錄音語料的統計討論。本研究的唐詩正音教學實驗，對象為14名香港及澳門的粵語母語者，根據受試者目前的居住地區，分為「現居香港組」6人及「留學臺灣組」8人。本論文將以上受測者參與前測、後測的錄音語料，逐筆進行偏誤標記，而後統計分析實驗的成效。實驗資料以成對t檢定的統計方法分析後發現，不論是在測驗材料上方標示漢語拼音，或是未標示漢語拼音的部分，「現居香港組」及「留學臺灣組」兩組的前、後測成績相較，均達統計學上的顯著差異。由此實驗結果可以證明，本研究所篩選的唐詩，及所設計的唐詩正音訓練方法，確實能有效糾正粵語母語者的普通話發音。This study aimed at summarizing the difficulties encountered by native Cantonese speakers in their Mandarin pronunciation, and by comparing it with the phonetic composition of the 300 Tang Poems, the researcher endeavoured to select poems that are suitable for their training on Mandarin pronunciation correction. Based on the above results, an experiment on pronunciation correction training has been devised to inspect and verify the effectiveness of the instructional design. The study focuses on the analysis of the phonetic components of the 300 Tang Poems, with its scope centered on its fixed line length poems. All together there are 213 pieces of such poems, including 29 five-character-quatrains, 51 seven-character-quatrains, 80 five-character-regular-verses, and 53 seven-character-regular-verses.

The study is comprised of six chapters, the first three are about the selection and analysis of the materials for pronunciation correction. It consists of the background and the objectives of the study; a summary of the difficulties encounted by Cantonese native speakers in their Mandarin pronunciation, as recounted by various researchers; an analysis of a variety of benefits on pronunication training through oral reading; and also an introduction of the current situation of using poetry in training spoken Mandarin by oral reading. Based on the information gathered from the above literature review, two branches of in-depth inquiry followed in the form of : 1) an analysis of the phonetic components of the 300 Tang Poems; 2) the designing of an instructional experiment on pronunciation correction by way of the selected Tang poems, including a research analysis on the materials to be used in the pre-test and the post-test of the training.

The next three chapters are about the analysis of the results from the experiment of pronunciation correction. It covers a review on the selection of Tang poems, and a discussion on the corpus collected through the recordings of the pre-test and post-test of the experiment. The subjects of the experiment were 14 native Cantonese speakers from Hong Kong and Macau, and they were divided into two groups according to their current residence, namely the group of six that are “Residents of Hong Kong” and the other group of eight that are “Students in Taiwan”. This study proceeded to register the pronunciation errors made by the subjects by going through the recordings of their pre-test and post-test materials one item at a time. Next the errors registered were used in the statistical analysis of the effectiveness of the experiment. After conducting a paired t-test on the data collected from the experiment, the results show that no matter if Hanyu pinyin was indicated above the test materials or not, there was a statistically significant difference between all the subjects’ pre-test and post-test scores. Thus it is proved that the Tang poems as chosen in this study, and the instructional design devised for training Mandarin pronunciation correction, were effective in correcting the Mandarin pronunciation of native Cantonese speakers.