因為山就在那裡：登山者的療癒經驗與生命意義

Abstract

臺灣是一個多山的美麗島嶼，自國內對於新冠肺炎的政策鬆綁後，重新開放山林的同時也帶來更多的登山人潮；而在山岳文學與電影中，也可以看見山所帶來的力量，使許多登山者們產生豐盛的內心感受。回顧過去相關研究，登山是一項需要親身經歷且具一定風險的戶外活動，然而卻也在個人的心理層面上帶來許多療癒與效益，同時也成為了登山者直面生命的契機。因此，本研究旨在了解登山者的療癒經驗與生命意義，採質性研究之現象學研究法，以立意取樣的方式篩選八位登山者進行半結構式的深度訪談。研究結果發現，登山者的療癒因子來自大自然及人際兩個層面；透過與大自然及人際的互動，使登山者能在山行之中能夠產生以下療癒經驗與生命意義：（一）自我覺察：登山者能藉由登山覺察個人身心狀況、優勢與劣勢、價值觀及自我需求，並學習接納、調適、澄清與立下界線。（二）自我價值：登山者能在登山歷程中看見自我價值、給予自我肯定及自信。（三）抽離與充電：進入山林的特殊處境能使登山者與日常生活暫時保持距離，使之更有力量面對難題及壓力。（四）自由：登山者在登山過程中享受掌握生活步調的自由，並開始反思社會框架與自己的關係。（五）孤獨的狀態與專注當下：登山的過程使登山者有機會意識到個體的孤獨並將注意力回到自己身上。登山者的療癒經驗帶來不同的生命意義，也對登山者的生命有所影響。透過山，登山者的生命閱歷隨之豐厚，對土地及登山運動也更加認同；另外，登山者也從山行中學習轉念與轉化，能用更彈性的視角去面對事物，同時也更珍視自我的生命。最後，萬物生命的珍貴也使登山者做出行動，不僅在山行中持續實踐愛護大自然的理念，同時也企圖用生命影響生命，成為善的循環的一分子。

Taiwan is a beautiful island with many mountains. Since the authorities eventually lifted COVID-19 restrictions, the number of mountaineers has increased. The power of mountains and the inner experiences of mountaineers are always depicted in literature and films. Previous studies indicate that mountaineering is an outdoor activity that requires firsthand experience and involves certain risks; however, it also brings healing experiences, psychological benefits, and provides a chance to face the life of a mountaineer. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore mountaineers' healing experiences and the meaning of life through phenomenological qualitative research, using purposive sampling in semi-structured in-depth interviews with 8 mountaineers. The results showed that mountaineers' healing factors come from two aspects: nature and interpersonal relationships. By interacting with nature and others during mountain journeys, mountaineers are able to have healing experiences and find meaning of life: (1) Self-awareness: Mountaineers become aware of their physicaland mental conditions, strengths and weaknesses, values, and needs. They learn about acceptance, adaptability, clarification, and setting boundaries. (2) Self-worth: Mountaineers can recognize their self-worth, affirm themselves, and gain confidence. (3) Detachment and recharging: Being in the mountains allows mountaineers to create distance from their daily lives, giving them strength to face challenges and pressures. (4) Freedom: Mountaineers enjoy the freedom of pace in the mountains and begin reflecting on the social frameworks in their lives. (5) Solitude and mindfulness: Mountaineers are able to experience solitude and focus on themselves.Mountaineers' healing experiences bring a different meaning to their lives and influence them. Their life experiences become enriched, leading to a deeper connection to the land and mountaineering. Additionally, mountaineers also become more flexible and cherish their own lives. Finally, the preciousness of life motivates climbers to take actions, not only continuously practicing the idea during mountaineering but also striving to influence others, becoming a part of the cycle of kindness.