幼稚園教師利用博物館實施校外教學之研究─以參觀臺北市立天文科學教育館為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討幼稚園教師利用臺北市立天文科學教育館（以下簡稱天文館）實施校外教學之參觀經驗，目的在分析幼稚園教師利用天文館實施校外教學之動機、過程與反思，並了解其利用天文館實施校外教學之資源需求。研究方法採用質性研究的取向，依立意取樣選取8位臺北市具有利用天文館實施校外教學經驗之教師，以焦點團體訪談法收集資料並進行分析。研究發現與結論如下： 一、幼稚園教師利用天文館實施校外教學之動機 天文館之展示內容與展示型態符合幼兒學習需要；環境條件利於安排幼兒團體參觀；能主動提供幼稚園師生適切之資源服務，有助教師安排幼兒實施校外教學。 二、幼稚園教師利用天文館實施校外教學之過程 幼稚園教師利用天文館實施校外教學時，在參觀前之行前準備、參觀中之活動進行以及參觀後之後續活動，皆具有妥善之規劃與準備；惟在參觀過程中教師角色之教學主導性應更為積極。 三、幼稚園教師對天文館之資源利用需求與意見 在展示資源方面，希望館方能加強規劃多樣化的主題展示活動與幼兒專屬體驗學習區；在服務資源方面，導覽解說宜依觀眾年齡層分級服務、多元開發符合幼教的天文教育資源、教育研習活動以教師利於參與的時間為考量，並提供天文科學教材教具外借服務。 根據研究結果，研究者分別對天文館、幼稚園教師與後續研究等三方面提出具體建議，以供未來相關實務工作以及後續研究發展之參考。

This study focuses on exploring the preschool teachers’ teaching experiences in Taipei Astronomical Science Museum field trip. Specifically, the purposes are to analysis the motivation, the process, the reflection, and to understand their need of resources for using and teaching in Taipei Astronomical Science Museum field trip. This study applied qualitative research approaches and employed focus-group interviews to gather empirical data. By analyzing the preschool teachers’ teaching experiences and thoughts on Taipei Astronomical Science Museum field trips, this study presents the exhibitions and resources in Taipei Astronomical Science Museum are suitable for preschool students learning and teachers teaching, teachers’ preparation and teaching for the museum field trips are well, and the teachers’ need and hope of Taipei Astronomical Science Museum is enriching the resources for early childhood education. In addition to discuss and apply the results of the study, the suggestion is submitted to the preschool teachers about using and teaching in Taipei Astronomical Science Museum field trips, the museums to promote teacher-museum interrelation, and for the future research as references.