從E. Fromm的觀點思考當代個體化與愛的藝術——以男性基督徒為例

Abstract

本研究旨在以E. Fromm的理論為觀點，檢視男性基督徒的情侶關係的重要因素之研究。以深度訪談的方式，了解八位研究參與者的親子關係互動，對其個體化程度及情侶關係的影響；並探討男性基督徒的教會生活，如何影響其愛情歷程：擇偶階段、兩性交往階段以及分手後的恢復過程。 本研究歸納出研究者參與者如何體驗父母親展現愛的能力：給予、照顧、責任、尊重與暸解等行為。在成長過程中，透過與父母的互動，實踐愛的能力，進而影響其人格特質的塑造。 研究參與者若在親子關係中有父性或母性依戀，便會尋找「共生結合」的親密對象，研究結果與E. Fromm的觀點相符。而個體化發展較成熟者，在親密關係中較能以客觀與理性的角度，去覺察自己與對方是否有「共生結合」的互動關係。 最後，依據研究結果，提供成人愛情與婚姻教育相關工作或教育單位及未來研究方向提出建議。This study aims to inspect important factors for the romantic relationship among male Christians based on the points of view proposed by E. Fromm. This study conducted in-depth interviews with 8 participants to understand the effect of these participants’ parent-child interaction on their individuation and on their romantic relationship. In addition, this study explored and discussed how male Christians’ participation in church influences the development of their romance, including the phase of mate selection, the phase of romantic relationship, and the phase of recovery after break-up. This study synthesized how researchers and participants in study experienced their parents’ competence in expressing love: giving, caring, responsibility, respect, and demeanors of understanding. In their process of development, their personality traits were shaped by their competence in realizing love in their interaction with parents. Participants in this study may seek partners for symbiotic union if these participants developed paternal or maternal attachment in their parent-child relationship. The results of this study concords with E. Fromm’s points of view. Participants in this study who attained a more mature level of individuation may perceive whether they may develop an interactive relationship of symbiotic union with their partners in intimate relationship from an objective and rational perspective. Finally, based on results, this study proposed recommendations for operational or education units related to adults’ romance and marriage education and recommendations for directions for future research.