課業與訓練夾擊下的困與解— 臺北市小六體育班學生文化之研究

Abstract

在這知識與資訊普及的時代，學生的自我意識逐漸高漲，了解學生的想法與文化顯得越趨重要，再加上過往的研究較少有針對國小學生從事有系統性的研究，以及體育班具有特殊脈絡性研究因素的背景下，本研究將由學生的角度出發，以一班台北市國小體育班級作為場域進行研究。研究目的主要包含三大部分，一是了解國小體育班的學生文化樣貌並找尋共同文化主題，二是探討學生在體育班面臨的困境與發展出的因應策略，三是探究在特殊才能分班下，是否有產生極化的偏向。本研究透過民族誌的研究方法，透過參與式觀察、訪談以及文件成品來進行資料蒐集，分別從上課與訓練、老師與同學以及困境與策略這三大主軸來描述體育班學生的學生文化樣貌，就研究結果進一步討論並歸納以下兩部分結論。第一部份，在時間與體力有限的狀況下，體育班的學生不容易同時兼顧上課與訓練，故體育班的學生共同發展出「擺脫壓力」的文化主題，透過「偷」與「節省」的方式，將時間與體力最大化，將其有限的資源運用在被自我所認定為重要的事情上。第二部分為在挪移並擺脫壓力的過程中，勢必會面臨何者為重、何者為先的狀況，經過一次次的取捨便會逐漸形成自我的身分認同，而每一位學生身分認同所偏向的面向也不盡相同，故在體育班中會形成出四種不同類型的多極化現象。With the popularization of knowledge and information, students' self-awareness is gradually rising, and understanding students' ideas and culture becomes more and more important. In addition, there are few systematic studies on elementary school students in the past, and sport talent class have unique context. So, this study will start from the perspective of students. In order to know how elementary school sport talent class students feel, think, and act in their school time. The purpose of the research mainly includes three parts: First, to understand the cultural appearance and common cultural themes of the students in the sport talent class; Second, to explore the difficulties faced by the students in the sport talent class and the strategies developed to cope with them; And third, to explore whether there is a bias towards polarization under the classification of special talents.This study applied participant observations, interviews, and the analysis of documents. It describes the student culture appearance of the sport talent class students from the three main points of class and training, teacher and classmates, and dilemma and strategy.The major findings for research are as follows: (1) Under the circumstance of limited time and physical strength, it is not easy for the sport talent class students to take care of both classes and training at the same time. Therefore, students jointly develop the cultural theme of"getting rid of pressure". By means of "stealing" and "saving", the sport talent class students maximize their limited time and physical strength. (2) In the process of getting rid of the pressure, students will inevitably face the situation of what is the most important and what is the first. After repeated choices, students will gradually form their own identity, and each student identity is biased towards the orientation is not the same, so in the sports talent class will form four differenttypes of multi-polarization phenomenon.