文化資本對馬來西亞獨立中學學生學業成就影響之研究：以馬來西亞柔佛州九所獨立中學為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討馬來西亞獨立中學學生家庭文化資本與學生學業成就上之差異情形及其間的關聯性。研究對象 2014 年參與馬來西亞獨立中學考試的柔佛州獨立中學學生，研究方法採用分層隨機抽樣，抽樣樣本大小計 1828 人，有效樣本計1772 人。測量工具為自編的「家庭文化資本量表」。本研究的主要結論如下：

一、 在馬來西亞獨立中學中，女學生的學業成就比男學生好； 二、 母親的教育程度越高，其子女的學業成就越好； 三、 在馬來西亞獨立中學中，文化資本可以分成七個構面； 四、 閱讀文化資本、具體文化資本和制度文化資本越多的學生，其學業成就越好； 五、 學校規模越大、班級規模越小，則其學生的學業成就越好。

最後，本研究根據研究結果，文獻分析和實證數據提出相關建議，以作為行政機關、學校、家長及後續研究之參考。 This research aims to differentiate respective varieties of family cultural capital and academic achievement for Students in Chinese Private Secondary School of Malaysia. The second is to explore their correlation. The research use stratified sampling method, 1828 observations are drawn from Students in Chinese Private Secondary School of Malaysia, where 1772 questionnaires are filled and accept as valid samples. In this study, the main instruments of collecting quantitative data are Family Cultural Capital Scale. The main results of this thesis are as follows:

1. In Chinese Private Secondary School of Malaysia, female students perform better than male students on academic achievement. 2. The higher degree of education of mother, their children have better academic achievement. 3. In Chinese Private Secondary School of Malaysia, cultural capital can be divided into seven facets. 4. If there are more read state cultural capital, objectified state cultural capital and institutionalized state cultural capital, the students have better academic achievement. 5. In a big school or a small class, their students have better academic achievement.

In conclusion, according to the research results, literature review and empirical data analysis, this study has proposed some suggestions for education administrators, schools, parents and follow-up researches.