探討大五人格特質與生涯成熟之關聯-以恆毅力為中介變項之研究

Abstract

本研究的主要目的在探討臺灣大學生的人格特質、恆毅力與生涯成熟之間的關聯，並檢驗恆毅力對大五人格特質與生涯成熟的中介效果。參與者為全台的大學生共計414位。研究方法使用問卷調查法，以網路問卷的形式進行發放。參與者共需完成三份量表，分別為「人格特質量表」、「恆毅力量表」與「生涯成熟態度量表」。恆毅力在不同人格的中介分析結果如下：（1）開放性部分，努力持續性在開放性和生涯成熟總量表和各分量表間皆為部分中介效果；而興趣穩定性皆無中介效果。（2）嚴謹性部分，努力持續性和興趣穩定性在生涯成熟總量表、生涯規劃和感受間皆為部分中介效果，且努力持續性效果大於興趣穩定性。生涯探索方面，興趣穩定性則無中介效果。在生涯信念方面兩者皆為完全中介效果，且努力持續性的中介效果大於興趣穩定性。（3）外向性部分，除恆毅力在外向性和生涯感受間為完全中介效果，其餘生涯成熟、信念、探索和規劃皆為部分中介效果，且努力持續性效果大於興趣穩定性。（4）友善性部分，除生涯信念及生涯感受為部分中介效果外，恆毅力在生涯成熟、探索和規劃方面皆為完全中介效果，且努力持續性效果皆大於興趣穩定性。（5）情緒穩定性部分，興趣穩定性除了在生涯信念方面沒有中介效果外，努力持續性和興趣穩定性在生涯成熟、探索、規劃和感受方面皆有中介效果，且沒有差異。研究結果顯示，開放性、嚴謹性、外向性和友善性主要是受到努力持續性的中介影響；情緒穩定性則是會受到兩者的影響。關鍵詞：大五人格特質、努力持續性、興趣穩定性、生涯成熟The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between personality traits, grit and career maturity of Taiwanese college students, and to examine the mediating effect of grit on the five personality traits and career maturity. The participants in this study were 414 Taiwanese university students. The research method uses a questionnaire survey method, which is distributed in the form of an online questionnaire. Participants were required to complete three scales, namely Personality Scale, Traditional Chinese version of Grit Scale and Career Maturity Attitude Scale. The results of the mediating analysis of grit in different personalities are as follows: 1. In the openness part, the persistence of effort has a partial mediating effect between the openness and career maturity scale and each subscale; while interest stability has no mediating effect. 2. In the part of conscientiousness, persistence of effort and stability of interest all have partial mediating effects among the total scale of career maturity, career planning and feeling, and the effect of persistence of effort is greater than stability of interest. In terms of career exploration, interest stability has no mediating effect. In terms of career beliefs, both are completely mediating effects, and the mediating effect of effort persistence is greater than that of interest stability. 3. In the part of extroversion, except that grit is a complete mediating effect between extroversion and career experience, there is no difference in the mediating effect of persistence of effort and stability of interest. In the rest of the career maturity, belief, exploration and planning are all partial mediating effects, and the effect of effort persistence is greater than that of interest stability. 4. In the part of friendliness, in addition to career belief and career feeling as part of the mediating effect, grit are fully mediating effects in terms of career maturity, exploration and planning, and the effect of persistence of effort is greater than stability of interest. 5. Emotional stability part, Except stability of interest has no mediating effect on career belief, persistence of effort and stability of interest have mediating effects on career maturity, exploration, planning and feeling, and there is no difference. The research results show that openness, conscientiousness, extraversion and friendliness are mainly mediated by the persistence of effort; emotional stability is affected by both.Keywords: big five personality traits, persistence of effort, stability of interest, career maturity