青少年人際自我定義記憶、人際自我認同狀態與社會認同重要性之關係探討

Abstract

本研究之主要目的在於探討青少年人際自我定義記憶、人際自我認同狀態與社會認同重要性三者之間的關係，嘗試以自傳式記憶的敘事分析取向來檢視青少年同儕互動的重要經驗與人際自我認同狀態之間的關係，同時進一步瞭解社會認同重要性對人際自我定義記憶與人際自我認同狀態之關係的影響。本研究以140位高中青少年為研究對象，含男性70位、女性70位，平均年齡為17.26歲。研究工具包含：「人際自我認同狀態量表」、「人際自我定義記憶問卷」及「社會認同重要性量表」；其中人際自我定義記憶內容乃以「主題」為分析向度。本研究有以下三點主要的發現： 一、青少年人際自我定義記憶的主題與次主題之間有顯著的相關。 1.「主宰」主題與三個主宰的次主題─「自我掌控」、「成就/責任」、「賦能」之間有顯著的正相關；且「成就/責任」與「賦能」二個主宰次主題之間，有顯著的正相關。 2.「共存」主題與四個共存的次主題─「愛情/友情」、「對話」、「照顧/幫助」、「團結/相聚」之間有顯著的正相關；且「愛情/友情」與「對話」二個共存次主題有顯著的正相關。 二、青少年人際自我定義記憶的主題與人際自我認同狀態有顯著的相關。 1.男性青少年人際自我定義記憶的共存次主題「愛情/友情」與迷失型人際自我認同狀態有顯著的負相關。 2.女性青少年人際自我定義記憶的共存次主題「愛情/友情」與未定型人際自我認同狀態有顯著的正相關。 三、青少年社會認同重要性與人際自我定義記憶、人際自我認同狀態有顯著的相關。 1.青少年社會認同重要性與人際自我定義記憶的「主宰」主題有顯著的正相關。 2.青少年社會認同重要性與定向型人際自我認同狀態有顯著的正相關，與迷失型人際自我認同狀態有顯著的負相關。

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among adolescent interpersonal self-defining memories, interpersonal identity statuses and social identity importance. The Extended Objective Measure of Interpersonal Ego Identity Status, the Interpersonal Self-Defining Memory Questionnaire and the Questionnaire of Social Identity Importance were administrated to the participants of 140 senior high school adolescences, including 70 males and 70 females. The Interpersonal Self-Defining Memory Questionnaire was used to collect one personally important event about peer interactions and the event content was coded for themes (including agency and communion) to access the adolescent interpretation of past events. There were three major findings as follows: First, in the relationships among themes of interpersonal self-defining memories, Agency was positively correlated with Self-Mastery, Achievement/Responsibility and Empowerment; Achievement/Responsibility was positively correlated with Empowerment; Communion was positively correlated with Love/Friendship, Dialogue, Caring/Help, Unity/Togetherness; Love/Friendship was positively correlated with Dialogue. Second, in the relationships between themes of interpersonal self-defining memories and interpersonal identity statuses, for male adolescents, Love/Friendship of interpersonal self-defining memories was negatively correlated with interpersonal identity diffusion status. And for female adolescents, Love/Friendship of interpersonal self-defining memories was positively correlated with interpersonal identity moratorium status. Third, in the relationships among social identity importance, themes of interpersonal self-defining memories and interpersonal identity statuses, adolescent social identity importance was positively correlated with Agency of interpersonal self-defining memories; social identity importance was positively correlated with interpersonal identity achievement status, and was negatively correlated with interpersonal identity diffusion status. Research limitations and possible implications for future research were also discussed in the study.