Viktor E. Frankl論求意義的意志及其在生命教育上的蘊義

Abstract

Viktor E. Frankl為意義治療學的創辦人，一生致力於協助他人尋見意義，其中又以求意義的意志為核心思想，貫穿意義治療學所有論述。因此，本研究以Viktor E. Frankl的求意義的意志為研究核心，旨在釐清求意義的意志之意涵，領略求意義的意志的理念和實踐之道，進而期盼能對台灣生命教育提供啟示性的觀點和做法。全文首先從探究Frankl的生平與思想淵源為開端，力求更加瞭解意義治療學說的緣起與使命；接著，便深入剖析求意義的意志所追求的意義與其所論的意志，釐清真正值得人類追尋的目標。Frankl認為唯有靈性維度的終極意義才值得追尋，唯有自我超越的終極意義才是真正能引領人、激發人的核心，而求意義的意志則是指人尋找並實現這意義的基本努力。隨後，再以求意義的意志之意涵為基礎，探求追尋生命意義之實際途徑：工作、愛與受難，以提供實踐方向；最後，將求意義的意志與108課綱所強調的態度與能力素養融合，從態度素養與能力素養兩面向提出一些能作為發展生命教育參考之啟示與應用。

Viktor E. Frankl, the founder of logotherapy, devoted his life to helping others find meaning. The Will to Meaning is the core idea, which runs through all the discussions of logotherapy. Therefore, this study focuses on Viktor E. Frankl's will to meaning, aims to clarify the implication of the will to meaning, realize the concept and practice ways of the will to meaning, and then hopes to provide enlightening views and practices for life education in Taiwan.

The full text begins with the exploration of Frankl's life and thought origin, and strives to understand the origin and mission of logotherapy more. Then, it will deeply analyze the meaning and the will that the will to meaning seeks, clarify the goal that is truly worthyof human pursuit. Frankl believed that only the ultimate meaning of the spiritual dimension is worth pursuing, and only the ultimate meaning of self-transcendence is the key that can truly lead and inspire people, while the will to meaning refers to the basic efforts of people to find and realize this meaning. Then, on the basis of the the will to meaning, the practice ways to find the meaning of life are explored: work, love and suffering. Finally, by integrating the will to meaning with Master Framework for the 12-year Basic Education Curriculum Guidelines, puts forward some enlightenments and applications, which can be used as reference for the development of life education.