青少年人格特質、感恩心與幸福感之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討北部地區青少年人格特質、感恩心與幸福感之相關性。研究方法為問卷調查法，研究者以北部地區三縣市（台北市、台北縣、新竹市之高中職一、二、三年級(含五專之專一至專三)的1116位學生為研究對象。以「個人特質量表」、「青少年感恩心量表」與「青少年幸福感量表」為研究工具，調查所得的資料以多變量變異數分析、Scheffe事後比較法、皮爾森積差相關、典型相關、多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料處理及分析，茲將本研究的主要發現分述如下：： 1.不同性別及感恩教育經驗之青少年在感恩心上有顯著差異，不同年級之青少年在感恩心整體上没有差異，但在感恩認知及感恩回報分層面上有差異。 2.青少年人格特質與感恩心有典型相關存在。青少年的人格特質愈正向，其感恩心也愈高。 3.青少年感恩心與幸福感有典型相關存在。青少年的感恩心愈高，其幸福感也愈高。 4.青少年人格特質層面中「樂觀進取」與「情緒表現」、感恩心層面之「感恩認知」能有效預期其幸福感，且預測力達64%。 最後，本研究根據研究結果進行討論並提出建議，以作為教育工作者、家長與未來研究之參考。

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation among personality traits, gratitude, and well-being of the Adolescents. The way of questionnaire was adopted in this study. The sample of this study consisted of 1116 Adolescents from 6 senior high schools, 2 vocational high schools and 2 colleges located in the north of Taiwan, consisting of Taipei city, Taipei county and Hsinchu city. The instruments of this study were personality traits inventory, gratitude inventory, and well-being inventory and basic information survey. Data obtained in this study were analyzed by MANOVA , Scheffe method, Pearson correlation analysis, canonical correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression Analysis. The main results from this research were shown as followed. 1.Adolescents of different gender and the experience of gratitude education show significant difference on gratitude scale but adolescents of different grade didn’t show significant difference on gratitude scale. 2. Personality was significantly correlated to gratitude. The more positive personality, the more well-being. 3. Gratitude was significantly correlated to well-being. The more gratitude, the more well-being.. 4. 64 percent of variations of well-being of Adolescents could be effectively predicted by personality traits and gratitude. Finally, based on the findings, suggestions for educators, parents and future research were provided.