青少年之情緒調節對其人際關係之影響：以情緒彈性為中介變項

Abstract

本研究旨在探討青少年的情緒調節、情緒彈性與人際關係之間的關聯，以及情緒彈性在情緒調節與人際關係之間之中介效果。本研究以問卷調查法，以「情緒調節量表」、「兒童雙元情緒調節量表」與「學生生活品質問卷」為研究工具，收取225位青少年樣本。研究結果發現： 1. 表達與忍讓是青少年較常使用的情緒調節策略，衝動與壓抑則相對較少；青少年使用認知再評估來調節情緒的傾向高於使用表達抑制策略；青少年的同儕關係適應品質較師生關係與親子關係佳。 2. 青少年的認知再評估對人際關係具預測力，表達抑制對親子關係有預測力；認知再評估對情緒彈性有預測力；適應性情緒彈性對親子關係與人我關係有預測力，非適應性情緒彈性則對師生關係有預測力。 3. 適應性情緒彈性部分中介認知再評估對親子關係之影響、認知再評估對人我關係之影響；而非適應情緒彈性則部分中介了認知再評估對師生關係之影響 研究者根據研究結果進行討論，對未來研究發展以及教育與心理輔導實務工作者提出具體參考建議。This study was aimed to find out the relationship among adolescents’ emotional regulation, emotional flexibility, and interpersonal relationships, as well as the mediating effect of emotional flexibility in between emotional regulation and interpersonal relationships. Based on a questionnaire design, 225 questionnaires were collected via Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Child Dual Emotional Regulation Scale, and Student Life Quality Questionnaire. The results of this study indicated: 1. Descriptive statistic: (a) Expression and forbearance were managed more frequently than impulsivity and suppression by the adolescents. (b) Cognitive reappraisal was used more regularly than expressive suppression by the adolescents. (c) The adolescents’ adaptation in peer relationship was better than parent-child relationship and teacher-student relationship. 2. Regression analysis: (a) Cognitive reappraisal had significant prediction toward the adolescents’ interpersonal relationships, while expressive suppression had significant prediction toward parent-child relationship. (b) Cognitive reappraisal had significant prediction toward the adolescents’ emotional flexibility. (c) Adapted emotional flexibility had significant prediction toward the adolescents’ peer relationship, while maladapted emotional flexibility had significant prediction toward teacher-student relationship. 3. Mediating effect analysis: (a) Adapted emotional flexibility partially mediated the effect between cognitive reappraisal and parent-child relationship, as well as the effect between cognitive reappraisal and peer relationship. (b) Maladapted emotional flexibility partially mediated the effect between cognitive reappraisal and parent-child relationship.