綠能車用多能源補充站系統設計與實驗研究

Abstract

本研究主要建置一套車用多能源補充站系統，建置能源有電能、高壓空氣能及氫氣能，達到一站多重能源補充機制。首先，電能系統架構設計有：快速充電、一般充電及鋰電池交換，提供使用者三種選擇機制；高壓空氣能系統架構設計有：高壓氣體充填及車用攜帶式高壓鋼瓶交換，提供使用者二種選擇機制；氫氣能系統架構設計，設有高壓氫氣鋼瓶充填、產氫機產氫充填及車用儲氫合金罐交換使用，提供使用者三種選擇機制。 機電整合部分，設計電能控制系統與氣流系統。電能補充站控制系統有：快速充電器、一般充電器、按鈕開關、電壓及電流顯示器，接收110 ACV電源提供系統所需能源，系統中有二組快速充電及四組一般充電接頭；高壓空氣補充站系統控制有：電磁閥、壓力傳送器、流量傳送器、增壓缸及按鈕開關，提供3組高壓空氣快速充填接頭；氫能補充站系統控制有：產氫機、流量顯示器、壓力顯示器、按鈕開關及燃料電池，由100 ACV提供氫能系統元件所需之能源。 主體外觀建置選用防火木材，於主體外裝置排氣風扇加強空氣流通避免元件過熱。接著將進行綠能車輛示範運行，以驗證本平台之能源補充效果。本研究結果達有效提供一站多能源補充機制，能有效減少能源補充建置據點，改善綠色動力車輛能源補充困難，即可達到綠色動力車輛長途續航，未來將進行三能量互流及能源填充監控驗證。This research mainly constructs a vehicle-used multi-energy supply system including electric energy, air energy and hydrogen energy for the purpose of providing various energy sources. First, the electric system consists of the fast charger, normal charger and exchangeable batteries for three mode selections. The high-pressure air system consists of: low-pressure air storage, pressure-boost device and the high-pressure air storage. The low-pressure air delivered to the high pressure tank via the pressure boost device. Therefore, two modes can be selected: high-pressure air supply and high-pressure tank exchange. For the hydrogen energy system, a hydrogen producer and a high-pressure hydrogen tank are provided for the hydrogen supply. Two modes are selected: hydrogen rapid supply and metal-hydride exchange. For the mechatronics, the electric supply station consists of 6 connections for fast/normal chargers; for the high-pressure air system, 110 ACV power is provided for the on/off of air flow. The air flow system separates into three paths with three quick connectors. For the hydrogen energy supply, the control elements receives 110 ACV for the on/off of hydrogen flow. By a switch design, users can select the supply modes. The station was covered with explosion-proof box. A fan was mounted for the force convection in order to avoid overheats of elements. Next, green vehicles were used for demonstration operation to proof the effect of the energy supply of the station. This research shows that it can provide multiple-type energy sources so that the number of supply stations can be reduced. The green vehicle can be easily charged for the long range mileage. The energy flow among three stations and the supervision system will be developed in the future.