大學生就業力發展之縱貫性分析

Abstract

本研究目的在瞭解大學生就業力的成長情形及其相關影響因素，利用臺灣高等教育整合資料庫的四波調查，應用二層次的階層線性模式分析，研究10,899位大學生就業力的初始狀態及成長曲率。研究結果發現，大學生整體的就業力存在個體間的差異，且成長曲線呈現上升的趨勢。在大學生就業力得分的全體變異量中，來自個體間的變異量占37%，而成長速率的變異中有24.32%來自於時間變項的解釋；同時，本研究所討論的層次二變項所能削減的成長曲率變異數比例僅有1.69%。除此之外，女大學生、社團參與程度高者、有工讀經驗以及技職學生的就業力成長曲率也較高。針對上述結果，本研究提出相關的討論與建議。

The purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between the employment competency growth of university students and the relevant influencing factors. Based on a four-wave survey of the Higher Education Database, this study applied a twolevel HLM analysis to study the initial status and growth curvature of the employment competency of 10,899 university students. The research results show that, in general, there are inter-individual differences in the employment competency of university students, and that the growth curvature shows a rising trend. With regard to the overall variance in employment competency scores of university students, the variance from inter-individual factors accounted for 37%, while time variables explain for the 24.32% of the variance in the growth speed. The Level-two variable discussed in this study, furthermore, only contributed to 1.69% of the reduced growth curvature variance. In addition, a higher growth rate was also noticed from female university students, as well as students with higher participation in student-club activities, part-time work experience or previous learning experience in vocational schools. Based on the above research results, the researcher has provided relevant opinions and recommendations.