組間休息使用不同壓力劑量血流阻斷對蹲舉運動表現之急性影響

Abstract

目的：本研究旨在探討組間休息使用不同壓力劑量血流阻斷 (blood flow restriction, BFR)對蹲舉運動表現的影響。方法：招募10名具阻力運動經驗，蹲舉運動最大肌力達1.5倍自身體重的健康男性為受試者。受試者須執行5組蹲舉運動 (60%1RM) 反覆3下，組間休息5分鐘，在正式組開始前與組間休息時使用BFR處理 (4.5分鐘BFR + 0.5分鐘血液回流)。受試者先進行控制處理 (CON)，隨後依隨機交叉平衡次序，分別進行二種不同壓力劑量BFR的實驗處理：中壓力劑量 (60%AOP) 和高壓力劑量 (90%AOP)。正式實驗過程中，使用彈震式位移系統測量蹲舉運動之功率峰值 (peak power, PP)、平均功率 (mean power, MP)、力量峰值 (peak force, PF)、平均力量 (mean force, MF)、速度峰值 (peak velocity, PV) 和平均速度 (mean velocity, MV)，並記錄各處間運動自覺努力程度 (rating of perceived exertion, RPE) 和疼痛程度。結果：PP、MP、PF、MF、PV、MV、RPE在三種處理間沒有顯著差異。然而高壓力劑量 (90%AOP) 於第一組和第二組時疼痛程度顯著高於中壓力劑量 (60%AOP) (p< .05)。結論：組間休息使用不同壓力劑量血流阻斷，無法促進單次蹲舉的運動表現；另外，組間休息使用中或高壓力劑量血流阻斷不會影響蹲舉運動的自覺努力程度。未來應有更多研究探討組間休息使用血流阻斷對生理指標的急性影響，以釐清組間休息使用血流阻斷在阻力運動表現上的影響與機制。Propose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different does of blood flow restriction (BFR) applied during rest intervals on squat exercise performance. Methods: Ten healthy male participants with resistance training experience, capable of squatting with a maximum strength equivalent to 1.5 times their body weight, were recruited for the study. Each participant performed 5 sets of squats (60% 1RM) for 3 repetitions, each with a 5-minute rest interval between sets. BFR was applied during the rest intervals and before the start of the first set (4.5 minutes of BFR followed by 0.5 minutes of reperfusion). Participants initially underwent a control treatment (CON), followed by a randomized crossover design to two experimental treatments with different BFR pressures: moderate pressure (60%AOP) and high pressure (90% AOP). During the formal experimental procedure, peak power (PP), mean power (MP), peak force (PF), mean force (MF), peak velocity (PV), and mean velocity (MV) were measured using a linear position transducer and force plate. Additionally, the effects on the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and pain level assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) were monitored. Result: There were no significant differences in PP, MP, PF, MF, PV, MV, or RPE among the three treatments. However, pain level was significantly higher for the 90%AOP treatment in the first and second sets compared to 60%AOP (p< .05). Conclusion: The use of different does of blood flow restriction (BFR) during rest intervals could not enhance the performance of a single bout of squat exercise. In addition, the application of moderate or high-pressure BFR during rest intervals could not significantly affect the perceived exertion level in squat exercises. Future research should further investigate the acute effects of BFR applied during rest interval on physiological indicators to elucidate the impact and physiological mechanisms underlying the influence of BFR on resistance exercise performance.